KINERJA PRODUKSI DAN PENILAIAN EKONOMI USAHA PETERNAKAN AYAM BROILER DENGAN KANDANG CLOSED HOUSE PADA SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19 DI KABUPATEN BOYOLALI

HILMIYATUN NAJAHAH, Prof. Dr. Ir. Rini Widiati, M.S., IPU. ; Dr. Ir. Heru Sasongko, M.P.

2022 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU PETERNAKAN

Kabupaten Boyolali Jawa Tengah, Indonesia sebagai sentra produksi ayam broiler telah menggunakan kandang closed house, di mana membutuhkan peralatan dengan modal besar. Pada saat pandemi Covid19, pemerintah menerapkan lockdown yang diprediksi mengganggu aktivitas usaha ayam broiler sehingga ekonomi peternak broiler diestimasi negatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan saat pandemi Covid-19 dengan tujuan untuk mengukur kinerja produksi dan penilaian ekonomi peternak broiler dengan kandang closed house, untuk menentukan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap insentif ekonomi pada usaha peternakan ayam broiler kandang closed house saat pandemi Covid19 di Kabupaten Boyolali. Penentuan sampel sebanyak 60 peternak diambil secara purposive dengan lokasi terpilih yaitu Kecamatan Boyolali, Simo, dan Nogosari yang tergabung dalam kemitraan inti-plasma dengan menerapkan kandang closed house. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dibagi berdasarkan skala usaha yaitu skala kecil (5.000 sampai 10.000 ekor), sedang (10.001 sampai 15.000 ekor), besar (lebih dari 15.001 ekor). Pengambilan data primer dengan survei menggunakan bantuan kuesioner, sedangkan data sekunder sebagai data pendukung diambil dari perusahan inti dan instansi terkait. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan triangulasi data. Analisis data secara deskriptif dan kuantitatif menggunakan enterprise budgeting, one way ANOVA, dan regresi linier berganda Cobb Douglass. Hasil penelitian kinerja produksi selama pandemi Covid19 yang ditunjukkan indeks performans dari tiga skala semua masuk pada kriteria sangat baik dan tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan. Rata-rata insentif ekonomi per 1.000 ekor pada tiga skala usaha adalah positif namun tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (P>0,05). Berdasarkan hasil regresi, semua faktor kinerja tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap insentif ekonomi artinya sistem kinerja produksi pada kandang closed house di Kabupaten Boyolali sudah terstandarisasi dengan baik karena semua responden adalah plasma yang mendapatkan pengarahan, pembinaan dan controlling dari inti dengan rutin dan aturan yang sama

Boyolali Regency, Central Java, Indonesia, as a broiler production center, has used closed-house cages requiring large capital equipment. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the government implemented a lockdown which was predicted to disrupt broiler business activities so that the economy of broiler breeders was estimated to be negative. This research was conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic with the objectives of for measuring production performance and economic appraisal of broiler breeders with closed house cages, to determining the factors that affect economic incentives in broiler farming business with closed house cages during the Covid-19 pandemic in Boyolali Regency. Determination of a sample of 60 farmers taken purposively with selected locations, namely Boyolali, Simo, and Nogosari sub-districts, who are members of the nucleus-plasma partnership by implementing closed house cages. The number of samples used was divided based on the business scale, namely small scale (5.000 until 10.000 heads), medium (10.001 until 15.000 heads), large (more than 15.000 heads). Primary data collection by survey using the help of a questionnaire, while secondary data as supporting data is taken from core companies and related agencies. Data collection techniques using data triangulation. Descriptive and quantitative data analysis using enterprise budgeting, one-way ANOVA, and Cobb Douglass multiple linear regression. The results of research on production performance during the Covid-19 pandemic showed that the performance indices of the three scales were all in the very good criteria and did not show a significant difference. The average economic incentive per 1.000 heads at the three business scales is positive but does not show a significant difference. Based on the regression results, all performance factors had no significant effect (P> 0,05) on economic incentives, meaning that the production performance system in closed house cages in Boyolali Regency was well standardized because all respondents were plasma who received direction, guidance, and controlling from the nucleus with the same routines and rules

Kata Kunci : Closed house, Ekonomi, Pandemi Covid-19, Peternakan ayam broiler, Produksi, Skala usaha