PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG ALFALFA TROPIK (Kacang Ratu BW) DALAM RANSUM AYAM PETELUR TERHADAP KUALITAS FISIK TELUR

MIA AGUSTHIA, Dr. Ir. Heru Sasongko, MP. ; Ir. Bambang Suwignyo, S.Pt., M.P., Ph.D., IPM., ASEAN Eng.

2022 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung alfalfa tropik (Medicago sativa L.) atau kacang ratu BW dalam ransum ayam petelur terhadap kualitas fisik telur. Sebanyak 108 ayam petelur (umur 26 minggu) strain Hy-line dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok perlakuan dengan 6 ulangan, setiap ulangan terdiri atas 6 ekor ayam dan ditempatkan secara acak. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan 3 periode (P1, P2, dan P3) di mana tiap periodenya berlangsung selama 28 hari. Perlakuan yang diberikan berupa : pakan basal (A0), pakan basal + 1% alfalfa (A1), dan pakan basal + 3% alfalfa (A3). Pemberian pakan dan minum dilakukan secara ad libitum, yang diberikan 3 kali sehari pada pagi hari pukul 08.00 WIB, siang hari pukul 12.00 WIB, dan sore hari pukul 16.00 WIB. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis statistik menggunakan Analisis Variansi Rancangan Acak lengkap Pola Faktorial (Completely Randomized Design) antara perlakuan penambahan Alfalfa dengan periode pemeliharaan. Apabila berbeda nyata, dilanjutkan dengan Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) dengan bantuan program Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) versi 25.0. Apabila terdapat interaksi yang signifikan antara perlakuan penambahan Alfalfa dengan periode pemeliharaan akan diuji lanjut menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Pola Searah (ANOVA). Variabel yang diamati adalah kualitas fisik telur : Ketebalan kerabang, Kekuatan kerabang, Indeks telur, Indeks albumen, Indeks yolk, Warna yolk, dan Nilai haugh unit). Hasil penelitian menunjukan penambahan alfalfa pada level 3% berpengaruh nyata terhadap kenaikan indeks yolk dan warna yolk, tetapi menurunkan ketebalan kerabang. Penambahan alfalfa pada level 3% tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap kekuatan kerabang, indeks telur, indeks albumen, dan nilai haugh unit. Periode pemeliharaan yang dilakukan berpengaruh nyata terhadap kenaikan ketebalan kerabang, indeks telur, indeks yolk, warna yolk, dan nilai haugh unit (P<0,05), sedangkan pada kekuatan kerabang dan indeks albumen tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05). Interaksi antara penambahan alfalfa dengan periode berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap indeks yolk.

This study was designed to determine the effects of tropical alfalfa powder (Medicago sativa L.) or atau kacang ratu BW supplementation diet in laying hens on the physical egg quality. A total of 108 laying hens (aged 26 weeks) of Hy-line strain were randomly assigned into 3 dietary treatments groups with six replications, each replication consisted of six chickens. This research was carried out of 3 periods (P1, P2, and P3) of 28 days each. Treatments were : basal diet only (A0, control), basal diet + 1% alfalfa (A1), and basal diet + 3% alfalfa (A3). Feeding and drinking are done ad libitum, which was given 3 times a day in the morning at 08.00 a.m, in the afternoon at 12.00 a.m, and in the afternoon at 16.00 p.m. The data obtained statistically analyzed using Completely Randomized Factorial Designs between treatment with the addition of Alfalfa with the maintenance period. If they were significantly different, it was continued with the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with the help of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0 program. When interaction between the addition of alfalfa with periods were significantly different, it was continued with the Complete Random One Way Design (ANOVA). The variables observed were the physical egg quality : shell thickness, shell strength, egg index, albumen index, yolk index, yolk color, and haugh unit value. The results showed that the addition 3% of alfalfa tropic had significant effect to increased on yolk index, and yolk color, but lower on shell thickness. The addition 3% had no significant effect (P>0.05) on shell strength, egg index, albumen index, and Haugh unit values. Maintenance periods had a significant effect to increased on shell thickness, egg index, yolk index, yolk color, and haugh unit value (P<0.05), while shell strength and albumen index had no significant effect (P>0.05). Interaction between the addition of alfalfa with periods had a significant effect (P>0.05) on yolk index.

Kata Kunci : Alfalfa, Ayam petelur, Kualitas fisik telur.