Determinasi dan Efikasi Diri Remaja di Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Anak (LKSA): Sebuah Studi Photovoice

ONGKO HANDOKO, Elga Andriana, S.Psi., M.Ed., Ph.D.

2022 | Tesis | MAGISTER PSIKOLOGI

Dalam kehidupan remaja di Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Anak (LKSA), terungkap persoalan terkait kemandirian, keyakinan atas kemampuan diri, kreativitas, hilangnya kemampuan menentukan pilihan, dan kebingungan akan masa depan. Penelitian ini membingkai persoalan remaja tersebut ke dalam kajian terkait determinasi diri dan efikasi diri. Peneliti menggali pengalaman hidup dan peranan lingkungan terkait determinasi dan efikasi diri remaja. Partisipan penelitian adalah tiga orang remaja dengan jenjang pendidikan berbeda yang tinggal di salah satu LKSA di Bantul. Data partisipan digali melalui metode photovoice yang kemudian dianalisis secara naratif (three dimensional space). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengalaman determinasi diri melalui penemuan minat, upaya belajar mandiri, dan peranan individu dalam kebersamaan. Pengalaman efikasi diri ditemukan dalam keberanian untuk mencoba. Berbagai pengalaman tersebut mendapat penguatan dari sikap individu untuk bertanggung jawab dan mempunyai tujuan yang hendak dicapai. Peranan lingkungan LKSA tampak melalui adanya perhatian dan kepercayaan dari para pendamping (pendidik) dan teman-temannya. Pemberian perhatian dan kepercayaan sekaligus menjadi rekomendasi penelitian ini bagi pendamping, pihak yang bertanggung jawab dan siapa saja yang terlibat dalam kehidupan remaja di LKSA agar individu dapat mengekspresikan dirinya.

In the lives of adolescents at Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Anak (LKSA) problems were revealed related to independence, confidence in self-ability, creativity, and loss in decision-making, as well as confusion about their future. This research covers the adolescent problems into studies related to self-determination and self-efficacy. The researcher explores the influences of life experiences and the role of LKSA environment in the self-determination and self-efficacy of adolescents living in LKSA. The study participants were three adolescents with different ages and education levels who lived in one of the LKSA in Bantul. The data were obtained through the photovoice method which was then analyzed narratively (three-dimensional space). The research results showed that there was an experience of self-determination through the discovery of interests, independent learning efforts, and the role of individuals in togetherness. The experience of self-efficacy is revealed in the courage to try new things. These experiences are strengthened by individual attitudes to be responsible and have goals to be achieved. The role of the LKSA environment can be seen through the attention and trust of the companions (educators) and their friends. Giving attention and trust is also a recommendation for this research to companions, responsible parties and anyone involved in the life of adolescents in LKSA so that individuals can express themselves.

Kata Kunci : self-determination, self-efficacy, narrative, photovoice, adolescent