Dampak Turunan Multibencana Banjir dan Pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia: Kasus di Provinsi Jawa Barat

AHMAD RESKI A, Dr. rer. nat. Djati Mardiatno, M.Si; Prof. Dr. Sutikno

2022 | Tesis | MAGISTER MANAJEMEN BENCANA

Indonesia merupakan daerah rawan multibencana. Pandemi COVID-19 diikuti oleh bencana banjir terjadi di Jawa Barat pada Tahun 2020 hingga 2021. Kejadian bencana banjir di masa pandemi COVID-19 membutuhkan adaptasi manajemen bencana yang aman terhadap risiko persebaran kasus COVID-19. Potensi dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh bencana banjir dapat meningkatkan penambahan kasus COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) menganalisis manajemen tanggap darurat (evakuasi dan pengungsian) multibencana banjir dan pandemi COVID-19, (2) menganalisis korelasi antara kejadian bencana alam dan penambahan kasus COVID-19, (3) menganalisis tren penambahan kasus COVID-19 setelah terjadi bencana alam secara spasial dan temporal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dan pengolahan data sekunder. Metode servei menggunakan data primer berupa hasil wawancara dengan stakeholder terkait regulasi dan pelaksanaan tanggap darurat (evakuasi dan pengungsian). Responden wawancara dipilih berdasarkan metode purposive sampling. Pengolahan data sekunder menggunakan data berupa (1) data kejadian dan korban bencana banjir yang diperoleh dari Data Informasi Bencana Indonesia (DIBI) BNPB dan (2) data penambahan kasus COVID-19 yang diperoleh dari Pusat Informasi & Koordinasi Provinsi Jawa Barat (PIKOBAR). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, analisis korelasi statistik, analisis spasial dan analisis temporal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adaptasi manajemen tanggap darurat (evakuasi dan pengungsian) multibencana alam dan pandemi COVID-19 yang proaktif. Kecenderungan hasil menunjukkan hubungan positif tidak signifikan. Terdapat empat pola temporal antara bencana alam dan penambahan kasus COVID-19, yaitu: pola blok naik, pola progresif, pola fluktuatif dan pola blok turun. Pola spasial antara bencana alam dan penambahan kasus COVID-19 menunjukkan pola yang tidak seragam.

Indonesia is a multi-disaster-prone area. The COVID-19 pandemic followed by a flood disaster occurred at Jawa Barat lasted from 2020 to 2021. The occurrence of a flood disaster during the COVID-19 pandemic requires the adaptation of safe disaster management to the risk of spreading COVID-19 cases. 19. The potential impact caused by the flood disaster could increase the addition of COVID-19 cases. This study aims to: (1) analyze emergency response management (evacuation and evacuation) of multi-disaster floods and the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) analyze the correlation between natural disasters and the addition of COVID-19 cases, (3) analyze the trend of adding COVID-19 cases after natural disasters occur spatially and temporally. This study uses survey methods and secondary data processing. The servey method uses primary data in the form of interviews with stakeholders related to regulations and implementation of emergency response (evacuation and evacuation). Interview respondents were selected based on purposive sampling method. Secondary data processing uses data in the form of (1) data on events and victims of the flood disaster obtained from the BNPB's Indonesian Disaster Information Data (DIBI) and (2) data on the addition of COVID-19 cases obtained from the Information & Coordination Center of West Java Province (PIKOBAR). Data analysis techniques used are descriptive analysis, statistical correlation analysis, spatial analysis and temporal analysis. The results of the study show that the adaptation of emergency response management (evacuation and evacuation) to multiple natural disasters and the proactive COVID-19 pandemic. The tendency of the results shows an insignificant positive relationship. There are four temporal patterns between natural disasters and the addition of COVID-19 cases, namely: an upping block pattern, a progressive pattern, a fluctuating pattern and a descending block pattern. The spatial pattern between natural disasters and the addition of COVID-19 cases shows a non-uniform pattern.

Kata Kunci : Multibencana, Bencana Alam, Pandemi COVID-19, Dampak