KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGI DAN PRODUKSI TAYUMAN (Bauhinia purpurea Linn) DI KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL, DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

DWI WAHYUNI, Ir. Nafiatul Umami, S.Pt., MP., Ph.D., IPM., ASEAN Eng.; Ir. Muhlisin, S.Pt., M. Agri., Ph.D., IPP.

2022 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakter morfologi dan produksi Tayuman dari 3 lokasi berbeda berdasarkan perbedaan topografi di Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Tiga lokasi penelitian yaitu Desa Sodo, Kecamatan Paliyan (zona selatan; L1), Hutan Wanagama, Kecamatan Playen (zona tengah; L2), dan Desa Ngalang, Kecamatan Gedangsari (zona utara; L3). Pengambilan data morfologi meliputi pengamatan panjang, lebar, dan warna daun; diameter dan warna batang; panjang kelopak dan mahkota bunga; panjang, lebar, dan jumlah biji per polong; panjang, lebar, tebal, dan warna biji Tayuman. Pengamatan produksi tanaman meliputi berat biji per 100 butir, produksi segar dari daun dan ranting yang dapat dikonsumsi ternak, dan produksi bahan kering (BK) dan bahan organik (BO) dari hasil pengukuran produksi segar. Data morfologi dianalisis variansi menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola searah dengan 6 replikasi dan apabila terdapat perbedaan dilanjutkan uji Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT), sedangkan data produksi dilakukan analisis deskriptif. Hasil analisis variansi menunjukkan perbedaan tempat tumbuh tidak menunjukkan perbedaan nyata (P>0,05) terhadap panjang daun, lebar daun, panjang kelopak bunga, panjang polong, dan tebal biji. Perlakuan tempat tumbuh menunjukkan perbedaan nyata (P<0,05) terhadap diameter batang, panjang mahkota bunga, lebar polong, jumlah biji per polong, panjang biji, dan lebar biji. Berat biji Tayuman berkisar antara 24 sampai 27 gram per 100 butir. Produksi segar Tayuman berkisar antara 2,48 sampai 6,46 ton per hektar per tahun. Produksi BK Tayuman berkisar antara 1,51 sampai 1,88 ton per hektar per tahun sementara BO berkisar antara 1,34 sampai 1,72 ton per hektar per tahun. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan adalah perbedaan tempat tumbuh memberikan perbedaan terhadap karakter morfologi dan produksi Tayuman.

This study aims to determine the morphological characteristics and production of Tayuman taken from 3 location based of different topography in Gunungkidul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. Three location namely Sodo Village, Paliyan District (south zone; L1), Wanagama Forest, Playen District (middle zone; L2), and Ngalang Village, Gedangsari District (north zone; L3). Morphological data collection included observations length, width, and color of leaves; diameter and color of stems; length of the petals and the crown of the flowers; length, width, and number of seeds per pod; length, width, thickness, and color of seeds. Plant production observed included seed weight per 100 grains; fresh production from leaves and rame that can be consumed by ruminant; dry matter and organic matter production of measurement fresh production. The morphological data obtained from this study were analyzed for variance using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a unidirectional pattern with 6 replication and if there were differences, it was continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT), while the production data were analyzed descriptively. The results of the analysis of variance morphological data showed that the different growing places did not show significantly different results (P>0.05) on leaf length, leaf width, flower petal length, pod length, and seed thickness. The treatment of growing places showed significant differences (P<0.05) on stem diameter, flower crown length, pod width, number of seeds per pod, seed length, and seed width. Tayuman seeds weigh in the range of 24 to 27 grams per 100 grains. Tayuman's fresh production ranges from 2.48 to 6.46 tons per hektare per year. Production of BK Tayuman ranged from 1.51 to 1.88 tons per hektare per year and production of BO Tayuman ranged from 1.34 to 1.72 tons per hektare per year. The conclusion of this study is that the difference growing places gives different morphological characters and production of Tayuman.

Kata Kunci : Karakteristik Morfologi, Kualitas Tanah, Produksi Biomassa, Tayuman