Pengaruh interval waktu Booster vaksin Debris dan Sitoplasma Aeromonas hydrophila terhadap status hematologis dan respon imun pada lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus)

NURHAYATI, Awik Puji Dyah, Dr. Rarastoeti Pratiwi, MSc

2003 | Tesis | S2 Biologi

Vaksinasi adalah salah satu cara untuk menanggulangi penyakit Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS) pada lele dumbo. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh interval waktu booster vaksin debris dan sitoplasma Aeromonas hydrophila terhadap status hematologis dan respon imun lele dumbo. Penelitian disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap, taraf kepercayaan 95%. Penelitian diawali dengan reinfeksi dan reisolasi (3 kali) A. hydrophila pada 35 ekor lele dumbo. Sel A. hydrophila yang virulen dipecah dengan sonikasi menjadi debris dan sitoplasma. Lima puluh ekor lele dumbo dibagi dalam 10 kelompok perlakuan yaitu (1) kontrol [K1]; (2) kontrol plasebo [K2]; (3) vaksinasi dengan debris tanpa booster [P1]; (4) booster 1 kali [P2]; (5) booster 2 kali [P3]; (6) booster 3 kali (P4) dan 7). vaksinasi dengan sitoplasma tanpa booster (S1), 8). booster 1 kali [P4]; (9) booster 2 kali [S3] dan (10) booster 3 kali [S3]. Dosis vaksin 25 mg/ekor. Interval waktu vaksinasi 1 minggu. Data diambil selama 10 minggu. Data dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance dan Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Variabel yang dianalisa meliputi; jumlah sel leukosit, persentase jumlah sel limfosit, monosit, neutrofil, eosinofil, indeks fagositosis dan titer antibodi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah sel leukosit, persentase jumlah sel limfosit, monosit, neutrofil, eosinofil cenderung terjadi peningkatan dan penurunan secara fluktuatif dan tidak berbeda nyata antara K1, K2, P1, P2, P3, P4, S1, S2, S3 dan S4 pada minggu 1-10. Vaksin tidak meningkatkan status hematologis. Tetapi indeks fagositosis cenderung terjadi peningkatan secara fluktuatif dan berbeda nyata antara K1, K2, P1, P2, P3, P4, S1, S2, S3 dan S4 pada minggu 1-10. Vaksinasi dapat meningkatkan kemampuan fagositosis. Titer antibodi tertinggi pada minggu kedua da n ketiga, berbeda nyata antara K1, K2, P1, P2, P3, P4, S1, S2, S3 dan S4 pada minggu 1-10. Vaksinasi dapat meningkatkan respon imun adaptipe melalui peningkatan titer antibodi. Vaksinasi dengan debris booster 3 kali (P4) paling efektif.

Vaccination was the one method to control disease of Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS) on catfish (Clarias gariepinus). The aim of this research was to determine the effect of vaccination intervals using A. hydrophila debris and citoplasmic content on catfish (Clarias gariepinus) hematologic states and immune response. The research was constructed as CRD, c.i. 95 %. Firstly, thirty five catfish were reinfected and reisolated (three times) with A. hydrophila. The virulent A. hydrophila was broken by sonication into debris and cytoplasms. Fifety catfish were divided into ten treated groups, i.e.(1) control [K1]; (2) placebo control [K2]; with debris vaccination (3) without booster [P1]; (4) once booster [P2]; (5) twice booster [P3]; (6) three time booster [P4]; and cytoplasma vaccination; (7) without booster [S1]; (8) once booster [S2]; (9) twice booster [S3]; (10) three time booster [S3]. The dosage was 25mg/fish. Vaccination interval was once a week. Data were taken for ten weeks. The parameters were number of leucocyte, percentage of lymphocyte, neutrophyl, eosinophyl, monocyte, phagocytocyte index and antibody titer were analyzed ANOVA and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The research showed that the vaccination interval could increase the number of leucocyte, percentage of lymphocyte, neutrophyl, eosinophyl, monocyte tended to fluctuate. There were no signifcant differences between all treatments ( P1,P2,P3,P4,S1,S2,S3,S4) and controls from 1st – 10 th week. The vaccination could increase the phagocytocyte capability. The highest antibody titer was reached on the 2 nd – 3 rd week, and significanly differences among all treatments and controls. The vaccination could increase the adaptive response immunity through the increase of antibody titer. Three times debris booster (P4) was the most effective vaccination.

Kata Kunci : Hama dan penyakit Ikan,MAS,Vaksin Debris dan Sitoplasma, Aeromonas hydrophila, booster, hematologic states, immune response, debris, cytoplasma.