Perilaku Pencegahan dan Penggunaan Obat Swamedikasi COVID-19 pada Masyarakat selama Pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia

HASNA NURUL IZZATI, Dr. apt. Susi Ari Kristina, M. Kes.

2022 | Skripsi | S1 FARMASI

Sejak Maret 2020, WHO telah menyatakan Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) sebagai global pandemic. Sejak munculnya COVID-19, penggunaan obat swamedikasi untuk pencegahan dan/atau pengobatan gejala ringan COVID-19 seperti vitamin, suplemen, dan obat herbal meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran perilaku masyarakat terhadap pencegahan COVID-19 dan penggunaan obat swamedikasi COVID-19 di Indonesia Penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dengan instrumen kuesioner. Sebanyak 146 responden pada penelitian ini dipilih menggunakan teknik convenience sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan April - Mei 2022 secara daring (online) menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif untuk memberikan gambaran perilaku masyarakat terhadap pencegahan COVID-19 dan penggunaan obat swamedikasi COVID-19 di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 61,0% responden sudah melakukan pencegahan COVID-19 dengan baik. Terdapat hubungan antara riwayat penyakit terhadap perilaku pencegahan COVID-19 (p = 0,029). Jenis obat swamedikasi COVID-19 yang paling banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat yaitu Sanmol 37,7%, Tolak angin 37,0%, OBH Combi 35,6%, Imboost 27,4%, Enervon C 26,0%. Apotek (80,8%) merupakan tempat yang paling banyak dipilih responden untuk mendapatkan obat swamedikasi COVID-19. Sebanyak 80,8% responden menggunakan obat swamedikasi COVID-19 untuk menjaga dan meningkat kekebalan tubuh. Sebagian besar responden yaitu 84,2% menyatakan tidak mengalami hambatan dalam mendapatkan obat swamedikasi COVID-19 selama pandemi COVID-19.

Since March 2020, WHO has declared Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a global pandemic. Since the emergence of COVID-19, the use of self-medication for the prevention and/or treatment of mild symptoms of COVID-19 such as vitamins, supplements, and herbal medicines has increased. This study aims to determine the description of public behavior towards COVID-19 prevention and the use of COVID-19 self-medication in Indonesia. The research was conducted using a cross-sectional study design with a questionnaire instrument. A total of 146 respondents in this study were selected using convenience sampling technique. Data collection was carried out in April - May 2022 online using a questionnaire. The results of the data obtained were analyzed descriptively quantitatively to provide an overview of public behavior towards COVID-19 prevention and the use of COVID-19 self-medication drugs in Indonesia. The results showed that 61.0% of respondents had prevented COVID-19 well. There is a relationship between disease history and COVID-19 prevention behavior (p = 0.029). The types of COVID-19 self-medication drugs most widely used by the community are Sanmol 37.7%, Tolak angin 37.0%, OBH Combi 35.6%, Imboost 27.4%, Enervon C 26.0%. Pharmacies (80.8%) were the place most respondents chose to get COVID-19 self-medication drugs. A total of 80.8% of respondents used COVID-19 self-medication to maintain and increase immunity. Most respondents, 84.2%, stated that they did not experience obstacles in obtaining COVID-19 self-medication during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Kata Kunci : perilaku pencegahan covid-19, obat swamedikasi covid-19, masyarakat