Kajian Pengelolaan Limbah Medis Covid-19 di Rumah Sakit

VALENTINA NDARU F K, Prof. dr. Hari Kusnanto Josef, SU., Dr.PH.; dr. Agus Surono, M.Sc, Ph.D, SpTHT-KL(K)

2022 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

Latar Belakang: Rumah sakit merupakan salah satu penimbul limbah medis terbesar. Limbah medis tersebut jika tidak dikelola dengan baik sesuai dengan standar yang berlaku, dapat membahayakan dan menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan terutama bagi petugas yang menangani limbah, pasien, pengunjung dan masyarakat sekitar rumah sakit. Tujuan: Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan kajian pengelolaan limbah medis Covid-19 di rumah sakit. Adapun tujuan khusus meliputi kajian baik dari input, proses maupun output dari pengelolaan limbah medis Covid-19. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasus yang bersifat deskriptif untuk mengkaji input, proses dan output pengelolaan limbah medis Covid-19 di RSA UGM. Informan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 15 orang yang dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling Hasil: Evaluasi input, RSA UGM telah memiliki SPO (Standard Operating Procedures) pengelolaan limbah medis Covid-19, terdapat alokasi dana untuk pengelolaan limbah medis Covid-19, SDM pengelola limbah medis Covid-19 selalu diikutkan pada pelatihan pengelolaan limbah medis, serta sarana dan prasarana yang dimiliki sebagian besar sudah cukup memadai untuk proses pengelolaan limbah medis Covid-19. RSA UGM telah menyediakan APD (Alat Pelindung Diri) untuk petugas pengumpul limbah medis Covid-19 namun belum digunakan secara maksimal. Evaluasi proses, pemilahan dan pewadahan sudah dilakukan sesuai standar. Pengangkutan limbah medis Covid-19 sudah sesuai standar. TPS limbah medis B3 belum memenuhi standar. Evaluasi output, semua responden tidak mengalami gangguan kesehatan berkait pengelolaan limbah medis Covid-19 Kesimpulan: RSA UGM perlu lebih memperhatikan pengelolaan limbah medis Covid-19 terutama di bagian input dan proses.

Background: Hospitals are one of the largest riser of medical waste. The medical waste, if not managed properly in accordance with applicable standards, can be dangerous and cause health problems, especially for officers who handle waste, patients, visitors and the community around the hospital. Objective: The general purpose of this study is to conduct a study of Covid-19 medical waste management in hospitals. The specific objectives include studies both from inputs, processes and outputs from the management of Covid-19 medical waste. Method: This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive case study design to examine the inputs, processes and outputs of Covid-19 medical waste management at RSA UGM. Informants in this study consisted of 15 people selected by the purposive sampling method Results: Evaluation of inputs, RSA UGM already has a Covid-19 medical waste management (Standard Operating Procedures), there is a fund allocation for Covid-19 medical waste management, human resources for Covid-19 medical waste management are always included in medical waste management training, and the facilities and infrastructure owned are mostly sufficient for the medical waste management process Covid-19. RSA UGM has provided personal protective equipment for Covid-19 medical waste officers but has not been used optimally. Process evaluation, sorting and representation have been carried out according to standards. The transportation of Covid-19 medical waste is in accordance with the standards. The TPS of B3 medical waste has not met the standards. Evaluation of output, all respondents did not experience health problems related to Covid-19 medical waste management Conclusion: RSA UGM needs to pay more attention to the management of Covid-19 medical waste, especially in the input and process departments.

Kata Kunci : Kajian, Limbah Medis Covid-19, RSA UGM, Study, Covid-19 Medical Waste