PENGETAHUAN DAN PERILAKU MASYARAKAT TENTANG PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 DI DUKUH BEDAN DESA PURWOSUMAN KABUPATEN SRAGEN JAWA TENGAH

MARDIYAH DESY F, Dr. Dra. Retna Siwi Padmawati, M.A, dr. Bagas Suryo Bintoro, Ph.D, dr. Rosalia Kurniawati Harisaputra, MPH.

2022 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN

Latar belakang : Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pertama kali ditemukan di Kota Wuhan, China pada akhir Desember 2019. Virus ini menular dengan sangat cepat dan telah menyebar ke seluruh dunia, termasuk negara Indonesia, hanya dalam waktu beberapa bulan. Beberapa negara menerapkan kebijakan untuk memberlakukan lockdown dalam rangka mencegah penyebaran virus corona. Indonesia melakukan kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) untuk mencegah penyebaran virus COVID-19. Perilaku masyarakat untuk pencegahan terhadap COVID-19 harus mematuhi protokol kesehatan yaitu dengan menerapkan 3M (mencuci tangan, menjaga jarak, dan memakai masker). Tujuan penelitian : Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan dan perilaku masyarakat tentang pencegahan COVID-19 di Dukuh Bedan DesaPurwosuman. Metode : Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan metode penelitian analitik kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan besar sampel 61 yang merupakan masyarakat Dukuh Bedan Desa Purwosuman Kabupaten Sragen Jawa Tengah. Untuk mendapatkan data dari responden diperoleh kuesioner melalui Google Form terkait pengetahuan dan perilaku masyarakat tentang pencegahan COVID-19. Hasil Penelitian : Persentase pengetahuan masyarakat baik sebesar 43 orang (70,5%), perilaku masyarakat baik sebesar 44 orang (72,1%), sikap sangat tinggi 36 orang (59%), dukungan keluarga sangat tinggi 39 orang (63,9%), dukungan tokoh masyarakat sangat tinggi 40 orang (65,6%), sumber informasi melalui media 42 orang (68,9%), pendapatan 500.000-2.000.000 23 orang (37,7%), pengeluaran 500.000-2.000.000 39 orang (63,9%), usia paling banyak 20-30 tahun 22 orang (36,1%), pendidikan dasar 32 orang (52,5%), jenis kelamin banyak pada perempuan 36 orang (59%). Hasil analisis bivariabel menunjukkan pengetahuan (OR 102,5 95% CI 15,5-674,7), jenis kelamin (OR 3,9, 95% CI 1,2-12,7), pendapatan (OR 20,7, 95% CI 2,3-187,6), pengeluaran (OR 8,7, 95% CI 2,3-28,7), pendidikan (OR 28,0, 95% CI 3,3-231,3), usia (OR 4,09, 95% CI 1,0-16,2), sikap (OR 25,5, 95% CI 4,9-130,8), dukungan keluarga (OR 101,3, 95% CI 11,2-911,0), dukungan tokoh masyarakat (OR 47,5, 95% CI 8,6-262,1), sumber informasi (OR 4,7, 95% CI 0,9-23,2). Ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan perilaku masyarakat dalam pencegahan COVID-19 (p-value < 0,001). Kesimpulan : Ada hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap, pendidikan, jenis kelamin, pendapatan, pengeluaran, usia, sumber informasi, dukungan keluarga, dukungan tokoh masyarakat terhadap perilaku masyarakat dalam pencegahan COVID-19 di Dukuh Bedan Desa Purwosuman Kabupaten Sragen Jawa Tengah. Kata Kunci : COVID-19, Pencegahan, Dukuh Bedan Desa Purwosuman.

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first discovered in Wuhan City, China at the end of December 2019. This virus spreads very quickly and has spread throughout the world, including Indonesia, in just a few months. This is because several countries have implemented policies to impose lockdowns in order to prevent the spread of the corona virus. In Indonesia, a Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) policy was implemented to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Community behavior for prevention of COVID-19 must comply with health protocols, namely by implementing 3M (washing hands, maintaining distance, and wearing masks). Research objective: This study aims to determine the knowledge and behavior of the community regarding the prevention of COVID-19 in Bedan Village, Purwosuman Village. Methods: The method used in this research is to use quantitative analytical research methods. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a sample size of 61 who were the people of Bedan Village, Purwosuman Village, Sragen Regency, Central Java. To obtain data from respondents, a questionnaire was obtained through Google Forms related to community knowledge and behavior regarding COVID-19 prevention. Research Results: The percentage of good community knowledge is 43 people (70.5%), good community behavior is 44 people (72.1%), attitude is very high 36 people (59%), family support is very high 39 people (63.9%), very high support from community leaders 40 people (65.6%), sources of information through the media 42 people (68.9%), income 500,000-2,000,000 23 people (37,7%), expenses 500,000-2,000,000 39 people (63.9%), age at most 20-30 years 22 people (36.1%), basic education 32 people (52.5%), gender mostly in women 36 people (59%). The results of bivariable analysis showed knowledge (OR 102.5 95% CI 15.5-674.7), gender (OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.2-12.7), income (OR 20.7, 95 % CI 2.3-187.6), expenditure (OR 8.7, 95% CI 2.3-28.7), education (OR 28.0, 95% CI 3.3-231.3), age (OR 4.09, 95% CI 1.0-16.2), attitude (OR 25.5, 95% CI 4.9-130.8), family support (OR 101.3, 95% CI 11, 2-911.0), support from community leaders (OR 47.5, 95% CI 8.6-262.1), sources of information (OR 4.7, 95% CI 0.9-23.2). There is a relationship between knowledge and community behavior in preventing COVID-19 (p-value < 0.001). Conclusion: There is a relationship between knowledge, attitudes, education, gender, income, expenditure, age, sources of information, family support, support from community leaders for community behavior in preventing COVID-19 in Bedan Village, Purwosuman Village, Sragen Regency, Central Java. Keywords: COVID-19, Prevention, Bedan Village, Purwosuman Village

Kata Kunci : COVID-19, Pencegahan, Dukuh Bedan Desa Purwosuman.