Strategi Advokasi Sosial Perempuan Korban Kekerasan Seksual di Era Pandemi: Peluang dan Tantangan berbasis Online

GALUH FRISKA CAHYANI, Dr.Ir. Dina Ruslanjari; Prof.Dr. Partini, SU

2022 | Tesis | MAGISTER PENYULUHAN DAN KOMUNIKASI PEMBANGUNAN

Pandemi Covid-19 memiliki dampak besar pada tingkat stress masyarakat yang tinggi. Adanya aturan baru menjaga jarak membuat masyarakat jenuh dan lebih mudah emosi sehingga memicu terjadi kekerasan, terutama terhdap perempuan dan anak. Jenis kekerasan yang sering menimpa perempuan bentuknya beragam salah satunya adalah kekerasan seksual yang sekarang bermetamorfosis tidak hanya secara langsung melainkan secara online. Advokasi sosial yang dilakukan oleh pergerakkan masyarakat perlu dilakukan untuk menanggulangi permasalahan tersebut dan memiliki peluang dan tantangan tersendiri dalam implementasinya. Pada penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode deksriptif kualitatif dan memilih lokasi penelitian Lembaga Rifka Annisa Women’s Crisis Centre. Tujuan penelitian ini ada dua yaitu menganalisis strategi advokasi sosial pada perempuan korban kekerasan seksual berbasis online di Yogyakarta pada era pandemi, serta menganalisis peluang dan tantangan dari masing-masing strategi advokasi sosial pada perempuan korban kekerasan seksual berbasis online di Yogyakarta pada era pandemi. Strategi Advokasi yang dilakukan Rifka Annisa terdapat tiga macam strategi yang dibagi berdasarkan sasarannya yaitu strategi mikro (korban kekerasan), strategi mezzo (masyarakat umum), dan strategi makro (ranah kebijakan). Peluang dan tantangan pada setiap strategi advokasi sosial berbeda, adapun penjelasannya sebagai berikut: 1. Strategi Mikro memiliki peluang tingkat kesadaran masyarakat tentang kasus kekerasan terhadap perempuan dan anak meningkat dan tantangan berupa Pengakses layanan semakin luas, 2. Strategi Mezzo memiliki peluang berupa Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi dan tantangan Metode dan Media yang digunakan Lembaga sebagai sarana penyuluhan semakin banyak, 3. Strategi Mikro memiliki peluang berupa Perkembangan media telekomunikasi untuk meeting daring dan tantangan aturan jaga jarak dan larangan tatap muka.

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a major impact on high levels of societal stress. The new rules for social distancing make people feel bored and get emotional easily, which triggers violence, especially against women and children. The types of violence that often afflict women take various forms, one of which is sexual violence which is now metamorphosing not only in person but online. Social advocacy carried out by the community movement needs to be done to overcome these problems and has its own opportunities and challenges in its implementation. In this study, the authors used a qualitative descriptive method and chose the research location of the Rifka Annisa Women's Crisis Center. The objectives of this study are twofold, namely analyzing social advocacy strategies for women victims of online-based sexual violence in Yogyakarta during the pandemic era, and analyzing the opportunities and challenges of each social advocacy strategy for women victims of online-based sexual violence in Yogyakarta during the pandemic era. There are three types of Advocacy strategies carried out by Rifka Annisa which are divided based on their targets, namely the micro strategy (victims of violence), the mezzo strategy (general public), and the macro strategy (policy domain). Opportunities and challenges in each social advocacy strategy are different, as for the explanation as follows: 1. The Micro Strategy has the opportunity for the level of public awareness about cases of violence against women and children to increase and the challenge is increasing access to services, 2. The Mezzo strategy has opportunities in the form of scientific development and technology and challenges Methods and media used by institutions as a means of counseling more and more, 3. Micro Strategy has opportunities in the form of development of telecommunication media for online meetings and challenges of social distancing rules and face-to-face restrictions.

Kata Kunci : Peluang dan Tantangan, Strategi Advokasi, Kekerasan Seksual Berbasis Online, Perempuan di Era Pandemi.