Partisipasi Wanita dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Rumah Tangga di Provinsi Jawa Barat (Data Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia 2017)

HANIFAH NUR FADHILAH, Dr. RR. Wiwik Puji Mulyani, S.Si., M.Si.

2022 | Skripsi | S1 GEOGRAFI LINGKUNGAN

Isu tentang pemberdayaan gender telah diakui sebagai salah satu prioritas utama di dunia. Hal penting yang berkaitan dengan pemberdayaan wanita yaitu partisipasi dalam pengambilan keputusan rumah tangga. Berdasarkan hasil Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) 2017, persentase partisipasi wanita Provinsi Jawa Barat terendah di Pulau Jawa yaitu sebesar 63,1 %. Persentase tersebut mengalami penurunan dibandingkan dengan data tahun 2012. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan karakteristik individu, rumah tangga, dan lingkungan wanita usia subur di Provinsi Jawa Barat serta mendeskripsikan partisipasi wanita dalam pengambilan keputusan rumah tangga menurut karakteristik individu, rumah tangga, dan lingkungan di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kuantitatif yang menggunakan data sekunder SDKI 2017 khususnya data wanita usia subur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengambilan keputusan tentang perawatan kesehatan wanita sebagian besar dilakukan oleh istri sedangkan keputusan tentang pengeluaran besar dan mengunjungi keluarga atau kerabat dilakukan secara bersama. Berkaitan dengan persentase tertinggi wanita berpartisipasi dalam pengambilan ketiga aspek keputusan yaitu wanita berumur 25-49 tahun, berstatus bekerja, tingkat pendidikan sekolah menengah hingga perguruan tinggi, tingkat ekonomi menengah hingga kaya, memiliki 1-3 anak, serta bertempat tinggal di perkotaan.

The issue of gender empowerment has been recognized as one of the main priorities in the world. The important thing related to women's empowerment is participation in household decision making. Based on the results of the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2017, the percentage of women's participation in West Java Province is lowest in Java, which is 63.1%. This percentage has decreased compared to 2012 data. The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of individuals, households, and the environment of women in West Java Province and to describe women's participation in household decision-making according to individual characteristics, households, and environment of women in West Java Province. This research is a type of quantitative research that uses secondary data from the 2017 IDHS, especially data on women of reproductive age. The results showed that decisions about women's health care were mostly made by the wife, while decisions about major expenses and visiting family or relatives were made jointly. In relation to the highest percentage of women participating in making the three aspects of decision making, namely women aged 25-49 years, working status, education level from high school to college, middle to rich economic level, having 1-3 children, and living in urban areas.

Kata Kunci : karakteristik, pemberdayaan, pengambilan keputusan, rumah tangga, wanita