Profil Kasus Respirasi Anjing dan Kucing Pasien Rumah Sakit Hewan Prof. Soeparwi Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada Sebelum dan Selama Pandemi Corona Virus-19

NADIA HASNA I, Dr. drh. Guntari Titik Mulyani, M.P.

2022 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN HEWAN

Pada tahun 2019 telah terjadi wabah corona virus di China dan merebak ke Indonesia pada tahun 2020. Pada Maret 2020, pemerintah Indonesia menetapkan kondisi pandemi Covid-19 dimana aktivitas yang tidak esensial dihentikan dan masyarakat diminta untuk bekerja dari rumah. Kondisi ini berdampak pada RSH Prof. Soeparwi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kasus penyakit respirasi pada anjing dan kucing pasien RSH Prof. Soeparwi periode sebelum dan selama pandemi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data kasus anjing dan kucing di RSH Prof. Soeparwi dengan gangguan respirasi pada dua periode, yaitu periode sebelum dan selama pandemi. Periode sebelum pandemi mulai Agustus 2018 hingga Juli 2019. Sementara selama pandemi mulai Agustus 2020 hingga Juli 2021. Data jumlah pasien, jenis kasus, sex dan umur hewan dengan penyakit respirasi dicatat dan dihitung persentasenya, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan analisis data, pasien anjing dan kucing sebelum pandemi sejumlah 3.698 dan 10.146 ekor; sedangkan selama pandemi sejumlah 1.458 dan 3.954 ekor. Persentase penyakit respirasi anjing sebelum pandemi sebesar 1,95% dan selama pandemi sebesar 4,8%. Persentase penyakit respirasi kucing sebelum pandemi sebesar 3,2% dan selama pandemi sebesar 6,98%. Jenis penyakit respirasi yang paling sering menyerang anjing sebelum pandemi adalah trakeitis sebesar 37,5% dan selama pandemi adalah pneumonia sebesar 35,7%. Jenis penyakit respirasi yang paling sering menyerang kucing sebelum dan selama pandemi adalah rhinitis, sebesar 69,9% dan 65,9%. Umur anjing yang paling sering terjadi penyakit respirasi sebelum pandemi adalah umur 1-10 tahun sebesar 52,8% dan selama pandemi adalah umur 1-10 tahun sebesar 64,3%. Umur kucing yang paling sering terjadi penyakit respirasi sebelum dan selama pandemi adalah umur di bawah 1 tahun, sebesar 54,3% dan 52,5%. Dari penelitian ini, disimpulkan bahwa jumlah pasien RSH Prof. Soeparwi selama masa pandemi mengalami penurunan, namun persentase kasus penyakit respirasi pada anjing dan kucing mengalami peningkatan. Kasus pneumonia anjing dan kucing selama masa pandemi mengalami peningkatan. Anjing dewasa dan kucing muda paling banyak mengalami penyakit respirasi, dan hewan jantan lebih banyak mengalami penyakit respirasi dibandingkan hewan betina. Disarankan kepada pemilik hewan untuk melakukan upaya perawatan, pencegahan, dan pengendalian anjing dan kucing terhadap penyakit respirasi di tengah masa pandemi.

In 2019 there was an outbreak of the corona virus in China and it spread to Indonesia in 2020. In March 2020, the Indonesian government established a Covid-19 pandemic condition where non-essential activities were stopped and people were asked to work from home. This condition has an impact on Veterinary Hospital Prof. Soeparwi. This study aims to compare cases of respiratory disease in dogs and cats of patients with Veterinary Hospital Prof. Soeparwi period before and during the pandemic. This study uses case data of dogs and cats at Veterinary Hospital Prof. Soeparwi with respiratory disorders in two periods, namely the period before and during the pandemic. The period before the pandemic starts from August 2018 to July 2019. While during the pandemic from August 2020 to July 2021. Data on the number of patients, types of cases, sex and age of animals with respiratory diseases are recorded and the percentage calculated, then analyzed descriptively. Based on data analysis, there were 3,698 and 10,146 dog and cat patients before the pandemic; while during the pandemic there were 1,458 and 3,954 individuals. The percentage of canine respiratory disease before the pandemic was 1.95% and during the pandemic it was 4.8%. The percentage of cat respiratory disease before the pandemic was 3.2% and during the pandemic it was 6.98%. The type of respiratory disease that most often attacked dogs before the pandemic was tracheitis at 37.5% and during the pandemic it was pneumonia at 35.7%. The type of respiratory disease that most often attacked cats before and during the pandemic was rhinitis, at 69.9% and 65.9%, respectively. The age of dogs with the most common respiratory disease before the pandemic was 1-10 years old by 52.8% and during the pandemic it was 1-10 years old at 64.3%. The age of the cat with the most respiratory disease before and during the pandemic was under 1 year of age, by 54.3% and 52.5%, respectively. From this study, it was concluded that the number of patients at Veterinary Hospital Prof. Soeparwi during the pandemic has decreased, but the percentage of cases of respiratory disease in dogs and cats has increased. Cases of dog and cat pneumonia during the pandemic have increased. Adult dogs and young cats experienced the most respiratory diseases, and male animals experienced more respiratory diseases than female animals. It is recommended to animal owners to make efforts to treat, prevent, and control dogs and cats against respiratory diseases in the midst of a pandemic.

Kata Kunci : anjing, kucing, penyakit respirasi, pandemi Covid-19/ dog, cat, respiratory disease, Covid-19 pandemic