Perbedaan pola asuh ibu dan status gizi anak balita yang lahir dari ibu kurang energi kronik (KEK) dan tidak KEK waktu hamil di Kec. Biringkanaya Kota Makasar Prop. Sulawesi Selatan

ROWA, Sitti Sahariah, dr. Dradjat Boediman, Sp.A(K).,MSc.,D.Med.Sc

2003 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

T-a^-ar- belakeuig : Pertumbuhan anak dipengaruhi oleh gizi ibu pada waktu konsQpsi atau hamil. Juinlah KEK ibu hamil pada tahun 1998-1999 di Kecamatan Biringkanaya Kota Makassar sebesar 38,9%. Keadaan sehat sekarang ditentukan keadaan sehat waktu kecil, maka nasib anak ditentukan oleh" bagaimana ibu merawatnya. lujuan penelxtian : untuk mengetahui perbedaan pola asuh ibu dan status gizi anak balita- yang lahir dari ibu KEK dan tidak KEK waktu hamil. Metode penelitian : observasional, dengan rancangan Retrospective cohort study. Subjek adalah ibu KEK dan tidak PCEK waktu hamil serta anak balita yang dilahirkan dan saat ini berumur 12-36 bulan. Tempat penelitian di Kecamatan Biringkanaya Kota Makassar. Analisis menggunakan uji chi-square/t-test dan uji logistic miiltivariat. Basil penelitian: Berdasarkan hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa pola asuh ibu KEK waktu hamil berbeda dengan ibu tidak KEK waktu hamil, perbedaan ini secara statistik bermakna(p<0,05), Hasil uji t-test status gizi anak balita saat ini yang lahir dari ibu KEK waktu hamil berbeda dengan -ibu tidak KEK waktu hamil berdasarkan (BB/TB dan BB/U) dan secara statistik bermakna(p<0,05). Dengan uji logistik multivariat terhadap variabel dependen pola asuh ibu ternyata ibu yang menderita ECEK waktu hamil mempunyai risiko pola asuh yang tidak baik 2,9 kali dibanding ibu yang tidak KEK waktu hamil (OR 2,88; 95% CI 1,16-7,15). Kesinpulan: Pola asuh ibu dan status gizi anak balita yang lahir dari ibu yang tidak menderita KEK waktu hamil lebih baik dibanding ibu yang menderita KEK.

Background: Child growth is afected by mother's nutrition during pregnancy. The number of chronic energy-deficiency pregnant mothers during 1998-1999 in Biringkanaya subdistrict, Makassar was 38.9%. Present health condition is decided by healthy condition in childhood, so a child's fate is decided by how a mother takes care of the child. Objectives: To find out the differences between maternal care pattern and nutritional status of under-five-year old children who were born from mothers with chronic energydeficiency and those who were not chronic energy-deficiency during pregnancy. Methods: This was an observational study with retrospective cohort study approach. The subjects were mothers who were chronic energy-deficiency and were not chronic energydeficiency during pregnancy and under-five-year old children, who at the time aged 12 - 36 months. The analysis applied chi-square/t-test and logistic multivariate tests. Results: The chi-square test showed that maternal care pattern had the differences with mothers chronic energydefieciency and those who were not chronic energy-deficiency during pregnancy, and this differences significant statistically(p<0.05). The t-test showed nutritional status of under-five-year old children born from mothers with chronic energy-deficiency had the differences with mothers who were not chronic energy deficiency during pregnancy (WAZ and WHZ) and differences significant statistically (p<0.05). Logistic multivariate test with mothers pattern of care as dependent variable showed that mothers who werw chronic energy deficiency during pregnancy had 2,9 times risk for worse mothers pattern of care than mothers who were not chronic deficiency during pregnancy (OR 2,88 95% CI 1,16- 7,15). Conclusion: The mothers pattern of care and nutritional status of their under-five-year old children who were born from mothers not suffering chronic energy-deficiency during pregnancy did have better than the mothers who were suffering from chronic energy-deficiency.

Kata Kunci : Gizi Balita,Ibu Kurang Energi Kronik Waktu Hamil