KINERJA INDUK SAPI PERANAKAN ONGOLE KEBUMEN DI KABUPATEN KEBUMEN, JAWA TENGAH

WAHYUNINGSIH, Ir. Tri Satya Mastuti Widi, S.Pt., M.P., M.Sc., Ph.D., IPM., ASEAN Eng.; Prof. Dr. Ir. Endang Baliarti, SU.

2022 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja induk sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO) Kebumen di Kabupaten Kebumen, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini dilakukan di tiga Kecamatan yakni Buluspesantren, Klirong, dan Mirit. Penelitian ini melibatkan 60 orang peternak dengan 85 ekor induk sapi PO Kebumen milik mereka. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode wawancara dan pengamatan langsung di lapangan. Data yang diambil meliputi karakteristik peternak, sistem pemeliharaan, dan kinerja induk sapi PO Kebumen. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 96,67 persen peternak masih tergolong dalam usia produktif dan 43,33 persen peternak merupakan lulusan SLTP, rata-rata pengalaman peternak yakni 18,63+-13,13 tahun, 80 persen peternak telah memahami ciri-ciri birahi dengan baik, dan rata-rata kepemilikan ternak 3+-1,7 ekor. Sapi PO Kebumen ditambat dan dikandangkan. Perkawinan dilakukan secara alami dan pemberian pakan berupa hijauan dan bekatul. Hasil penelitian terhadap kinerja induk menunjukkan bahwa umur rata-rata induk 5,34+-2,11 tahun, umur pubertas 20,6+-4,81 bulan, siklus estrus 24,56 +-4,91 hari, umur pertama kawin 22,49+-4,58 bulan, service per conception (S/C) 1,89+-0,67 kali, lama bunting 275,79+-9,30 hari, post partum estrus (PPE) 2,58+-1,15 bulan, post partum mating (PPM) 3,00+-1,00 bulan, interval kelahiran 12,91+-1,09 bulan, indeks reproduksi induk 1,06+-0,09 ekor/tahun, indeks produktivitas induk 109,03+-18,35 kg/induk/tahun, dan longevity sapi PO Kebumen di Kabupaten Kebumen sekitar 6,90+-1,81 tahun. Disimpulkan bahwa kinerja induk sapi PO Kebumen sudah baik.

The aim of this study was to determine the reproductive performance of Kebumen Ongole Grade (OG) cows in Kebumen Regency, Central Java. The study was conducted by an interview and direct observation of 60 farmers and 85 cows of Kebumen OG which were kept in three sub-districts, namely Buluspesantren, Klirong, and Mirit. The data include farmers characteristics, management system, and reproductive performances of Kebumen OG cows. The data were analyzed quantitatively and descriptive. The result showed that 96.67 percen of farmers were in productive age and 43.33 percen of farmers graduated from junior high school. The average experience of farmers was 18.63+-13.13 years and they were 80 percen well understood the signs of estrus. The average of livestock was 3+-1.77 head. Kebumen OG cows were tethered and fed forages and concentrate. Mating was done naturally. The reproduction performances of the cows showed that the average age of the cows was 5.34+-2.11 years, first estrus age was 20.6+-4.81 months, estrus cycle was 24.56+-4.91 days, first mating age was 22.49+-4.58 months, S/C was 1.89+-0.67 times, the gestation period was 275.79+-9.30 days, PPE was 2.58+-1.15 months, PPM was 3.00+-1.00 months, calving interval was 12,91+-1,09 months, cows reproductivity index was 1,06+-0,09 head/year, cows productivity index was 109,03+-18,35 kg/dam/year, and longevity of Kebumen OG cows in Kebumen Regency was 6,90+-1,81 years. It was concluded that the reproductive performances of Kebumen OG cows were categorized as good.

Kata Kunci : Sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO) Kebumen, Kinerja Induk, Karakteristik Peternak, Sistem Pemeliharaan.