Penampilan dan nitrogen ekskreta ayam broiler yang mendapat pakan all grain dan non all grain pada level protein yang berbeda

ROHAENI, Eni Siti, Prof.Dr.Ir. Tri Yuwanta, SU.,DEA

2003 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui level protein terbaik dengan menggunakan sumber protein yang berbeda yaitu all grain dan non all grain yang digunakan dalam pakan broiler sehingga meningkatkan penampilan, menurunkan N ekskreta dan meningkatkan keuntungan. Ternak yang digunakan yaitu ayam broiler strain Arbor Arcres sejumlah 160 ekor dengan lama pengamatan 5 minggu. Perlakuan yang digunakan terdiri atas 5 macam yaitu R1 : pakan non all grain dengan level protein 22% , R2 : pakan all grain dengan level protein 19% , R3 : pakan non all grain dengan level protein 19% , R4 : pakan all grain dengan level protein 16%, R5 : pakan non all grain dengan level protein 16%. Rancangan yang digunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola searah dengan 4 ulangan,digunakan 20 unit kandang, setiap unit digunakan 8 ekor ayam. Untuk melihat perbedaan variabel karena perlakuan digunakan Uji Kontras Ortogonal. Variabel yang diamati yaitu penampilan broiler yang terdiri atas konsumsi pakan, kenaikan berat badan, konversi pakan, berat karkas, persentase karkas, persentase lemak abdomen, kolesterol plasma darah, dan N ekskreta serta tinjauan ekonomi yaitu Income Over Feed and Chick Cost (IOFCC). Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pakan non all grain pada level protein 19% menghasilkan berat karkas dan persentase karkas sebaik pakan dengan protein 22% dan Income Over Feed and Chick Cost (IOFCC) tertinggi. Pakan all grain dapat digunakan pada level protein 19% menurunkan persentase lemak abdomen dan sangat nyata (P<0,01) menurunkan kolesterol darah serta diperoleh IOFCC yang tinggi setelah pakan non all grain pada level protein 19%. Level protein yang tinggi dalam pakan menghasilkan N ekskreta yang sangat nyata (P<0,01) makin tinggi dan ada perbedaan antara sumber bahan pakan yang digunakan yaitu pakan all grain menghasilkan N ekskreta nyata (P<0,05) lebih tinggi dari pakan non all grain.

The experiment was conducted to find out the optimum protein level from different protein sources namely: all grain and non all grain, that were given to increase performance, decrease N excreta and increase benefit. One hundred and sixty broiler chickens were used during five weeks observation. The ration treatments given were R1: non all grain ration with 22% protein level, R2: all grain ration with 19% protein level, R3: non all grain ration with 19% protein level, R4: all grain ration with 16% protein level, R5: non all grain ration with 16% protein level. The experiment was designed by Completely Randomized Design with four replications and eight broiler chickens each. Orthogonal Contrast Test were used to determine the mean of different between treatments. The variables observed were : feed consumption, gain weight, feed conversion, carcass weight, carcass percentage, abdominal fat percentage, blood cholesterol, nitrogen excreta and economic aspects: Income Over Feed and Chick Cost (IOFCC). The result experiment indicated that non all grain ration with 19% protein the resulted carcass weight and carcass percentage the same of ration with 22% protein and the highest IOFCC. All grain ration with 19% protein result decreased abdominal fat percentage and decreased significantly (P<0.01) blood cholesterol. Increasing protein level in the diet increased (P<0.01) N excreta there was significantly (P<0.05) different between protein sources indicated N excreta of all grain higher than non all grain.

Kata Kunci : Pakan Ayam,All grain,Penampilan dan Nitrogen Ekskreta, Protein Level, All Grain Ration, Non All Grain Ration, Performance, N exreta, Benefit, Broiler