Pengaruh Jenis Kelamin terhadap Komposisi Karkas dan Non Karkas Daging Ayam Merawang pada Umur 20 Minggu

GUSTYA AMALIA RIZQY, Dr. Ir. Rio Olympias Sujarwanta, S.Pt., M.Sc., IPM. ; Ir. Edi Suryanto, M.Sc,. Ph.D., IPU., ASEAN Eng.

2022 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis kelamin terhadap komposisi karkas dan non karkas daging ayam Merawang pada umur 20 minggu. Penelitian ini menggunakan 10 ekor ayam Merawang yang terdiri atas ayam jantan sebanyak 5 ekor dan ayam betina sebanyak 5 ekor. Proses penyembelihan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode halal, selanjutnya pengeluaran jeroan, parting dan penimbangan serta pencatatan. Variabel karkas yang diamati pada penelitian ini yaitu dada, paha atas, paha bawah, sayap dan punggung, sedangkan variabel non karkas yang diamati yaitu darah, bulu, kepala dan leher, ceker, hati, jantung, usus bersih dan ampela daging ayam Merawang. Data yang telah diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode independent sampel t-test. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan (P<0,05) terhadap bobot potong, bobot karkas, persentase karkas ayam Merawang jantan dan betina yakni 62,68 standar deviasi 2,09% dan 58,52 standar deviasi 2,45%, persentase dada ayam Merawang jantan dan betina yakni 24,20 standar deviasi 1,46% dan 28,42 standar deviasi 1,89% dan persentase paha bawah ayam Merawang jantan dan betina yakni 18,98 standar deviasi 1,24% dan 16,68 standar deviasi 0,75% serta bagian non karkas yakni kepala dan leher, ceker, jantung, usus bersih dan ampela. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa bobot potong, bobot karkas, persentase karkas, persentase bagian paha bawah ayam jantan lebih tinggi dibandingkan ayam betina, sedangkan pada non karkas persentase bagian kepala dan leher, persentase jantung, persentase ampela, dan persentase ceker ayam jantan lebih tinggi dibandingkan ayam betina.

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of sex on the carcass and non carcass composition of Merawang chicken 20 old weeks. The research used 10 Merawang chickens, consisted of 5 male and 5 female chickens. The slaughtering process was using halal method, eviscerating, parting, and weighing. The carcass variables observed in this research were breast, upper thighs, drumstick, wings, and back. The non carcass variables were blood, feathers, head and neck, leg, liver, heart, gizzard, and intestines of Merawang chicken meat. The data obtained were analyzed using the independents sample T-test. The results of this research showed that sex had a significant effect (P<0.05) on slaughter weight, carcass weight, percentage of male and female carcass was 62.68 standard deviation 2.09% and 58.52 standard deviation 2.45%, percentage of male and female breast was 24.20 standard deviation 1.46% and 28.42 standard deviation 1.89%, and percentage of male and female drumstick was 18.98 standard deviation 1.24% and 16.68 standard deviation 0.75%, and also the non carcass part was head and neck, heart, gizzard, intestine and legs. Based on the results of this research, the conclusion were slaughter weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage, and drumstick percentage of male chicken were higher than female chicken. While the non carcass were head and neck percentage, heart percentage, gizzard percentage, and legs percentage of male chicken were higher than female chicken.

Kata Kunci : Ayam Merawang, Jenis kelamin, Persentase komposisi karkas, Persentase non karkas