Koordinasi Lintas Sektor (Gugus Tugas Percepatan Penanganan COVID-19) Dalam Penanggulangan Pandemi COVID-19 di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman

Z.A. PRIMA PUTRI, Syahirul Alim, S.Kp., M.Sc., Ph.D ; Dr.dr.Dwi Handono S, M.Kes

2022 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

Latar belakang : Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) di Indonesia melalui Keputusan Presiden Nomor 12 Tahun 2020 di tetapkan sebagai bencana nasional kategori non alam. Sumatera Barat sebagai salah satu Provinsi di Indonesia pernah menempati urutan 10 nasional dan 2 tertinggi diluar pulau jawa. Kabupaten Padang Pariaman sebagai salah satu Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi pernah menjadi satu-satunya kabupaten zona merah berdasarkan indikator kesehatan masyarakat dan berada pada PPKM Level 3. Melalui Keputusan Bupati Padang Pariaman Nomor 179/KEP/BPP/2020, penanggulangan COVID-19 dilakukan oleh gugus tugas percepatan penanganan COVID-19 yang merupakan gabungan dari berbagai organisasi perangkat daerah. Berdasarkan dari keterlibatan banyak pihak tersebut, koordinasi menentukan keberhasilan manajemen bencana. Namun dalam menjalankan koordinasi diketahui terdapat hambatan-hambatan sehingga koordinasi belum berjalan sebagaimana mestinya. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi koordinasi lintas sektor (Gugus Tugas Percepatan Penanganan COVID-19) dalam penanggulangan pandemi COVID-19 di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian berjumlah 7 orang yang berasal dari BPBD dan Dinkes Kabupaten Padang Pariaman. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam. Hasil : Koordinasi dalam penanggulangan Pandemi COVID-19 memiliki beberapa hambatan sehingga pelaksanaannya belum berjalan sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Mekanisme penyesuaian bersama sudah dilakukan namun masih belum optimal dikarenakan adanya mutasi atau perpindahan jabatan, komunikasi formal dan informal berkurang, persepsi yang tidak sama antar sektor memicu adanya ego sektoral dan beban kerja ganda. Mekanisme pengawasan langsung sudah dilakukan, namun dalam pelaksanaan monitoring dan evalusi sekarang sudah berkurang dan tidak rutin lagi. Mekanisme standarisasi proses tidak dilakukan karena kegiatan didalam gugus tugas dirasa sudah menyatu dengan tugas masing-masing institusi perangkat daerah, sehingga cukup mengacu pada pedoman yang sudah disusun ditingkat pusat sebagai bentuk kegiatan yang sudah terstandar. Kesimpulan : Koordinasi gugus tugas dalam penanggulangan COVID-19 Kabupaten Padang Pariaman belum berjalan sebagaimana mestinya disebabkan oleh mekanisme penyesuaian bersama dan pengawasan langsung yang belum berjalan optimal.

Background: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Indonesia through Presidential Decree No. 12 of 2020 is designated as a non-natural category of national disaster. West Sumatra as one of the provinces in Indonesia ever ranks 10th nationally and second highest outside Java. Padang Pariaman Regency as one of the regencies/cities in the West Sumatera province was once the only red zone district based on public health indicators and was at Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement Level 3. Through the Decree of the Padang Pariaman Regent Number 179/KEP/BPP/2020, the COVID-19 response was carried out by COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force which is a combination of various regional apparatus organizations. Based on the involvement of many parties, coordination determines the success of disaster management. However, in carrying out the coordination, it is known that there are obstacles so the coordination has not run as it should be. Objective: This study aims to explore cross-sectoral coordination (COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force) in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic in the Padang Pariaman Regency. Method: This research is qualitative research with 7 research subjects from Regional Disaster Management Agency and Padang Pariaman District Health Office. Data were collected through in-depth interviews. Results: Coordination in response the COVID-19 Pandemic has several obstacles so its implementation has not gone as expected. The mutual adjustment mechanism has been carried out but is still not optimal due to mutations or job transfers, lack of formal and informal communication, unequal perceptions triggers sectoral ego, and double workload. The direct supervision mechanism has been implemented, however in the implementation of monitoring and evaluation, it has decreased and is no longer routine. The standardization of work process mechanism was not carried out because the activities within the task force were deemed to have been integrated with the duties of each regional apparatus institution, so it was sufficient to refer to the guidelines that had been prepared at the central level as a form of standardized activity. Conclusion: Coordination of the COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force in Padang Pariaman Regency has not run as it should be due to the joint mutual adjustment mechanism and direct supervision that have not run optimally.

Kata Kunci : COVID-19, Manajemen Bencana, Koordinasi