Characteristics of Infants and Young Children with Sensorineural Hearing Loss in RSUP Dr. Sardjito Period 2019-2020

ANNISA NAZIRA HAMZAH, dr. Agus Surono, Ph.D, M.Sc., Sp.T.H.T.K.L(K); dr. Nurrokhman, M.Si., AIFO-K; dr. Danu Yudistira, M.M., Sp.T.H.T.K.L

2022 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN

Latar Belakang: Prevalensi gangguan pendengaran di seluruh dunia sekitar 430 juta orang atau lebih dari 5% dari populasi dunia. Gangguan pendengaran sensorineural adalah salah satu jenis gangguan pendengaran yang paling umum. Ini terjadi ketika ada kerusakan di telinga bagian dalam, lebih khusus jika sel-sel rambut, saraf vestibulocochlear, atau pusat pemrosesan otak rusak. Komplikasi gangguan pendengaran sensorineural pada bayi dan/atau anak kecil dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup mereka – termasuk keterampilan membaca, kognisi, dan perkembangan sosio-emosional mereka – jika tidak didiagnosis sejak dini. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan gambaran karakteristik gangguan pendengaran sensorineural pada bayi dan balita di RSUP dr. Sardjito periode 2019 sampai 2020. Metode: Desain penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif observasional di RSUP Dr. Sardjito dari tahun 2019 sampai tahun 2020. Subyek penelitian dalam penelitian ini diambil menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan kriteria inklusi gangguan pendengaran sensorineural pada pasien bayi dan anak-anak dan kriteria eksklusi subjek yang datanya tidak lengkap. Rekam Medis digunakan untuk pengumpulan data. Hasil: Sebanyak 50 pasien dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Proporsi tertinggi berdasarkan kelompok umur, jenis kelamin, unilateral atau bilateral, pemeriksaan penunjang, dan penatalaksanaan berturut-turut pada kelompok usia pra sekolah, laki-laki, bilateral, BERA, dan non bedah.

Background: The prevalence of hearing loss in the whole world is approximately 430 million people, or over 5% of the world’s population. Sensorineural hearing loss is one of the most common type of hearing loss. It occurs when there is damage in the inner ear, more specifically if the hair cells, vestibulocochlear nerve, or the central processing centers of the brains are damaged. The complication of sensorineural hearing loss in infants and/or young children may affect their quality of life –including their reading skills, cognition, and socio-emotional development– if it is not diagnosed early. Purpose: This study aims to present an overview of the characteristics of sensorineural hearing loss in infants and young children at RSUP dr Sardjito for the period 2019 to 2020. Methods: The design of this study used an observational descriptive design at RSUP Dr. Sardjito from 2019 to 2020. Research subjects in this study were taken using a total sampling technique with inclusion criteria of sensorineural hearing loss in infants and young children patients and exclusion criteria of subjects whose data were incomplete. Medical Records were used for data collection. Result: A total number of 50 patients were included in this research. The highest proportion based on the age group, gender, unilateral or bilateral, supporting examination, and management were in the pre-schooler age group, male, bilateral, BERA, and non-surgical management respectively.

Kata Kunci : Sensorineural Hearing Loss, Infants, Young Children