PEMAHAMAN DAN KEPERCAYAAN MAHASISWA DI YOGYAKARTA TERHADAP COVID-19 : SEBUAH STUDI KUALITATIF

RAHMAFARI FIKRA M, Dr. Dra. Retna Siwi Padmawati, MA , dan Vena Jaladara, S.K.M., M.P.H

2022 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN

Latar Belakang : Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kekhawatiran terhadap pandemi COVID-19 yang belum kunjung berakhir. Semakin banyak masyarakat yang melanggar protokol kesehatan, tak terkecuali mahasiswa. Muncul anggapan bahwa COVID-19 tidak berbahaya.Rasa jenuh yang timbul membuat mahasiswa berusaha mencari hiburan di luar rumah dengan berkumpul di fasilitas publik, hingga mengabaikan protokol kesehatan. Di DIY sendiri, beberapa berita menyebutkan pelanggar protokol kesehatan banyak berasal dari kalangan mahasiswa. Dampaknya, sebagian masyarakat usia muda semakin abai terhadap protokol kesehatan. Semakin hari, penyebaran COVID-19 kian parah. Dilansir dari situs satgas penanganan COVID-19 (COVID19.go.id), per tanggal 3 Januari 2021 kasus positif COVID-19 mencapai 765.350. Di DIY sendiri, dilansir dari laman Yogyakarta Tanggap COVID-19 (corona.jogjaprov.co.id), total kasus konfirmasi per tanggal 3 Januari 2021 tercatat 12.897 kasus positif COVID-19. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pemahaman dan kepercayaan mahasiswa di Yogyakarta terhadap COVID-19 dan hal-hal terkait COVID-19. Metode: Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif yang merupakan bagian dari penelitian �Persepsi Mahasiswa dan Masyarakat terhadap COVID-19 dan Pembelajaran Online: Sebuah Penelitian Campuran� yang dilakukan oleh Pusat Perilaku dan Promosi Kesehatan FK-KMK UGM. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang didapat dari wawancara mendalam melalui telepon, atau zoom call. Pencarian partisipan penelitian dilakukan dengan metode google form dan dipilih secara purposive. Partisipan wawancara mendalam yakni 10 orang mahasiswa non-kesehatan dan 10 orang mahasiswa kesehatan yang berkuliah di beberapa kampus di Yogyakarta yang berusia 18-23 Tahun di jenjang S1. Hasil: Mahasiswa di Yogyakarta memiliki pengetahuan umum yang cukup baik tentang COVID-19, meskipun pada mahasiswa kesehatan lebih memahami secara ilmiah. Dalam hal kepatuhan terhadap protokol kesehatan, tidak terdapat perbedaan yang cukup signifikan antara mahasiswa kesehatan dan non Kesehatan. Baik mahasiswa Kesehatan maupun non Kesehatan ada yang percaya COVID-19 konspirasi. Mayoritas mahasiswa percaya manfaat vaksin COVID-19. Informasi terkait COVID-19 didapatkan mahasiswa kebanyakan dari media sosial. Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang mencolok antara pemahaaman COVID-19 mahasiswa kesehatan dan non Kesehatan. Namun, masih ada mahasiswa yang tidak mempercayai COVID-19 , mengatakkan COVID-19 konspirasi, dan melanggar protokol Kesehatan.

Background: This research was motivated by concerns about the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. More and more people are violating health protocols, including undergraduate students. There is an assumption that COVID-19 is not dangerous. The feeling of boredom that arises makes undergraduate students try to find entertainment outside the home by gathering in public facilities, to the point of ignoring health protocols. In DIY itself, several news reports said that many of the violators of health protocols came from among undergraduate students. As a result, some young people are increasingly ignoring health protocols. Day by day, the spread of COVID-19 is getting worse. Reporting from the COVID-19 task force website (COVID19.go.id), as of January 3, 2021, positive cases of COVID-19 reached 765,350. In DIY itself, reported from the Yogyakarta COVID-19 web (corona.jogjaprov.co.id), the total confirmed cases as of January 3, 2021 were recorded as 12,897 positive cases of COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to determine the understanding and belief of undergraduate students in Yogyakarta towards COVID-19 and things related to COVID-19. Method: This research , which using descriptive qualitative method, is the part of the research "Students and Community Perceptions of COVID-19 and Online Learning: A Mixed Research" conducted by the Center for Health Behavior and Promotion of FK-KMK UGM. This study uses primary data obtained from in-depth interviews by phone calls, or zoom calls. The search for research participants was carried out using the google form and selected purposively. The in-depth interview participants were 10 non-health undergraduate students and 10 health undergraduate students studying at several campuses in Yogyakarta aged 18-23 years at the undergraduate level. Result: Undergraduate students in Yogyakarta have fairly good general knowledge about COVID-19, although health undergraduate students understand COVID-19 more scientifically. In terms of adherence to health protocols, there is no significant difference between health and non-health undergraduate students. Some of Health and non-Health undergraduate students believe that COVID-19 is a conspiracy. The majority of undergraduate students believe in the benefits of the COVID-19 vaccine. Most of the undergraduate students get information related to COVID-19 from social media. Conclusion: There is no significant difference between the understanding of COVID-19 by health and non-health undergraduate students. However, there are some undergraduate students who don't believe in COVID-19, saying COVID-19 is a conspiracy, and disobey the health protocols

Kata Kunci : COVID-19, Pandemi, Mahasiswa, Yogyakarta, Pemahaman, Kepercayaan, Perilaku