Pemetaan Tingkat Keterancaman Habitat Kijang (Muntiacus muntjac) di Suaka Margasatwa Sermo

RELISSIANA, Dr. Hero Marhaento, S.Hut., M.Si. and drh. Subeno, M.Sc

2022 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Suaka Margasatwa (SM) Sermo merupakan habitat bagi kijang (Muntiacus muntjac) yang termasuk sebagai salah satu spesies yang dilindungi menurut Keputusan Menteri Kehutanan dan Lingkungan Hidup No. 92/2018. Laporan terakhir dari pihak yang berwenang, Balai Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Yogyakarta (BKSDA Yogyakarta), menyebutkan bahwa pada tahun 2017 diperkirakan hanya ada lima individu kijang di dalam SM Sermo. Keberadaan mereka terancam karena beberapa aktivitas yang dilakukan manusia seperti pariwisata dan kegiatan pertanian. Perlu dicatat bahwa sebelum menjadi SM Sermo, dahulu adalah hutan produksi sehingga masyarakat lokal selalu terlibat dalam pengelolaannya. Ternyata, setelah status hutan berubah menjadi kawasan konservasi, aktivitas di dalam hutan masih tetap ada sehingga berpotensi mengganggu habitat kijang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan tingkat kesesuaian habitat kijang di SM Sermo, memetakan tingkat kerawanan perambahan hutan di SM Sermo, dan memetakan tingkat keterancaman habitat kijang di SM Sermo. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Spatial Multicriteria Analysis (SMCA) melalui teknik Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) untuk menilai tingkat keterancaman habitat kijang di SM Sermo. Metode pengambilan data kijang yaitu menggunakan alat camera trap. Metode pengambilan data perambahan melalui Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Analisis dilakukan secara spasial menggunakan software ArcMap 10.6. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesesuaian habitat kijang didominasi oleh tingkat tinggi yaitu seluas 131,58 hektar atau 70,75% dari total luas SM Sermo. Pada kerawanan perambahan didominasi oleh tingkat tinggi yaitu seluas luas 89,91 hektar atau 48,35% dari total luas SM Sermo. Keterancaman habitat kijang didominasi oleh tingkat tinggi yaitu seluas 137,21 hektar atau 73,77% dari total luas SM Sermo. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan tindakan konservasi dan peningkatan pengawasan agar ancaman habitat dapat diminimalisir.

Sermo Wildlife Sanctuary (SWS) is a habitat for barking deer (Muntiacus muntjac) that is included as one of the protected species according to the Decree of the Minister of Forestry and Environment No. 92/2018. The latest report from the authority, Yogyakarta Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BKSDA Yogyakarta), stated that in 2017, it was estimated that there were only five individual barking deer inside the SWS. Their existence is threatened due to several activities such as tourism and agriculture practices. It should be noted that SWS was formerly a production forest so that local communities have been used to involve in forest management. Apparently, after the forest status has been changed into a protected area, the activities inside the forest are remaining and thus potentially result in disturbing the barking barking deer habitat. This study aims to map the habitat suitability level of barking deer in SM Sermo, the vulnerability level of forest encroachment in SM Sermo, and the threat level of barking deer habitat in SM Sermo. This study used the Spatial Multicriteria Analysis (SMCA) through Geographical Information Systems (GIS) technique to assess the threat level of barking deer habitat in Sermo SM. The method of collecting barking deer data is using a camera trap. The encroachment data collection method is through Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The analysis was carried out spatially using ArcMap 10.6 software. The results showed that the habitat suitability of the barking deer was mostly of high level, which was 131.58 hectares or 70.75% of the total area of SWS. The vulnerability of forest encroachment distribution was mostly of high level, which was of 89.91 hectares or 48.35% of the total area of SWS. The threat of barking deer habitat distribution was mostly of high level, which was 137.21 hectares or 73.77% of the total area of SWS. Therefore, it is necessary to take conservation measures and increase supervision so that habitat threats can be minimized.

Kata Kunci : Habitat threat, Muntiacus muntjak, Sermo Wildlife Sanctuary, GIS