TINGKAT PENERAPAN INDONESIA SUSTAINABLE PALM OIL (ISPO) PADA KEBUN KELAPA SAWIT RAKYAT DI KECAMATAN KUMAI KABUPATEN KOTAWARINGIN BARAT

HOLPU RONAL AMBARITA, Ir. Any Suryantini., MM., Ph.D

2022 | Tesis | Magister Manajemen Agribisnis

Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) merupakan salah satu respon pemerintah Indonesia, dalam menjawab isu lingkungan hidup, deforestasi, dan degradasi hutan pada perkebunan kelapa sawit. Melalui peraturan menteri pertanian Republik Indonesia Nomor 11. Permentan/ OT.140/3/2015, diharapkan dapat membantu kebun kelapa sawit rakyat dalam menerapkan sertifikasi perkebunan kelapa sawit berkelanjutan. Kalimantan Tengah merupakan salah satu propinsi dengan perkebunan kelapa sawit terluas, total luas sekitar 1,6 juta ha diantaranya terdapat perkebunan rakyat seluas 166 ribu ha. Terdapat banyak kendala dihadapi perkebunan rakyat untuk memperoleh sertifikasi ISPO. Perlu diteliti faktor faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi kebun kelapa sawit, kontribusi pendapatan kebun kelapa sawit terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga, tingkat penerapan Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) di Kecamatan Kumai Kalimantan Tengah, dan apa saja faktor faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat penerapan ISPO. Jumlah responden dalam penelitan ini sebanyak 100 orang pekebun yang diambil dengan non probability sampling. Data yang diteliti pada penelitian ini adalah hasil produksi, pekerjaan perawatan dan panen, serta prinsip dan kriteria ISPO yang diterapakan pada tahun 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda, uji t hitung, dan uji z hitung (proporsi). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa (1) produksi kelapa sawit dipengaruhi luas lahan, jumlah tenaga kerja, jumlah pupuk, penggunaan bibit bersertifikat, dan jumlah tanaman kelapa sawit, (2) pendapatan usaha kebun kelapa sawit tidak mendominaasi pendapatan rumah tangga, (3) mayoritas pekebun atau sebesar 80,01% pekebun mampu menerapkan dan mengimplementasikan prinsip dan kriteria ISPO, dan (4) penerapan ISPO dipengaruhi oleh pengalaman berkebun, tingkat pendidikan, dan jumlah tanggungan keluarga.

Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) is one of the responses of the Indonesian government, in responding to environmental issues, deforestation, and forest degradation. The government has issued the regulation of Minister of Agriculture of the Republic Indonesia Number 11. Permentan/OT.140/3/2015 which aims to help plantations smallholder to implement the certification of sustainable oil palm plantation. Central Kalimantan is one of the provinces with the largest oil palm plantations, with a total area of about 1.6 million hectares, of which there are smallholder estates covering an area of 166 thousand hectares. There are many obstacles faced by smallholder plantations to implement ISPO certification. Because of that, it is important to study the factors that affect the production of oil palm plantations, contribution of oil palm plantation to household income, and factors that influence the implementation of ISPO in Kumai District, Central Kalimantan. The study used non-probability sampling with a total of 100 respondents. The data examined in this study are the results of production, maintenance and harvest work, as well as the ISPO principles and criteria applied in 2020. This study used multiple linear regression analysis, t-test, and z-test (proportion). The results of the analysis showed that (1) Palm oil production is influenced by land area, number of workers, fertilizer application, certified seeds, and number of oil palm trees , (2) oil palm plantations does not dominate household income, (3) 80.01% of smallholders were able to implement ISPO principles and criteria, and (4) ISPO implementation was influenced by farming experience, education level, and number of households.

Kata Kunci : Perkebunan Rakyat, Kelapa Sawit Berkelanjutan, Produksi Kelapa Sawit, Penerapan ISPO.