Hubungan Efikasi Diri Ibu dengan Praktik Pemberian Makan Anak Stunting Usia 2-5 Tahun di Kabupaten Sleman

ANNISA LUTHFIA S, Dr. Toto Sudargo, SKM, M.Kes. ; Dr. Susetyowati, DCN, M.Kes.

2022 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

Latar belakang: Stunting pada masa kanak-kanak merupakan salah satu masalah utama kesehatan masyarakat. Efikasi diri ibu dan praktik pemberian makan pada anak stunting yang tidak baik dapat berkontribusi pada peningkatan risiko manifestasi stunting, misalnya malnutrisi dan penyakit kronis pada saat dewasa. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan efikasi diri ibu dengan praktik pemberian makan anak stunting usia 2-5 tahun di Kabupaten Sleman. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif korelasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Pengambilan sampel penelitian dilakukan selama Bulan September-November 2021 dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling yang melibatkan 105 ibu dari anak stunting usia 2-5 tahun di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Seyegan, Puskesmas Depok II, dan Puskesmas Mlati II. Efikasi diri ibu diukur dengan kuesioner General Self-Efficacy Scale 12 (GSES-12) dan praktik pemberian makan anak stunting diukur dengan Parental Feeding Behaviours Questionnaire (PFBQ). Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji Spearman Rho. Hasil: Hubungan efikasi diri ibu dengan praktik pemberian makan anak stunting usia 2-5 tahun diperoleh nilai p=0,005; r= 2,71; PR=3,1 (95%CI:1,4-6,8). Simpulan: Efikasi diri ibu berhubungan dengan praktik pemberian makan anak stunting usia 2-5 tahun. Ibu dengan efikasi diri yang semakin baik maka cenderung akan melakukan praktik pemberian makan anak yang semakin baik.

Background: The incidence of stunting is considered to be a major public health problem among children globally. Low mothers' self-efficacy level and ineffective feeding practice may contribute to various risk factors of stunting manifestations, for instance, malnutrition and chronic disease in adulthood. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between mothers` self-efficacy and feeding practices among stunted children aged 2-5 years in Sleman Regency. Methods: This study design was a descriptive correlational with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted during September-November 2021 involving 105 mothers who have children aged 2-5 years with stunting experience in 3 Health Centers in Sleman Regency (Seyegan, Depok II, and Mlati II). Mothers` self-efficacy was measured by a General Self-Efficacy Scale 12 (GSEs-12) and child feeding practices were measured by a Parental Feeding Behaviors Questionnaire (PFBQ). Data were analyzed using Spearman Rho test. Results: The relationship between mothers` self-efficacy and the feeding practices of stunting children aged 2-5 years obtained p-value= 0.005; r= 2.71; PR=3.1 (95%CI:1.4-6.8). Conclusion: The results revealed that there was a significant relationship between mothers` self-efficacy and the feeding practices of stunting children aged 2-5 years in Sleman Regency. The higher mothers` self-efficacy is significantly associated with appropriate child feeding practices for stunted malnourished children.

Kata Kunci : efikasi diri ibu, pemberian makan anak, stunting, malnutrisi / mothers` self-efficacy, child feeding practices, stunting, malnutrition