PERBEDAAN SKOR FEAR OF COVID-19 BERDASARKAN BIG FIVE PERSONALITY TRAITS PADA PENYANDANG DM TIPE 2 DI PUSKESMAS MLATI II KABUPATEN SLEMAN

DINAR ARINI, Dr. dr. Ronny Tri Wirasto, Sp.KJ; dr. Silas Henry Ismanto, Sp.KJ(K)

2021 | Tesis-Spesialis | ILMU KEDOKTERAN JIWA

Latarbelakang: Tingginya angka kejadian COVID-19, tingkat penularan, morbiditas dan mortalitas, stigmatisasi penyintas, dan berbagai adaptasi kenormalan baru menyebabkan fenomena fear of COVID-19. Fear of COVID-19 menjadi fenomena pada seluruh lapisan masyarakat terutama pada kelompok resiko tinggi termasuk penyandang diabetes mellitus (DM). Fear of COVID-19 yang berkepanjangan akan menimbulkan berbagai gangguan kesehatan mental seperti cemas dan depresi yang akan memperburuk outcome DM. Penelitian mengenai fear of COVID-19 berdasarkan big five personality traits pada penyandang DM masih sangat terbatas. Hasil penelitian ini penting sebagai acuan dasar untuk merencanakan intervensi yang spesifik dan tepat bagi penyandang DM dalam menghadapi pandemi COVID-19. Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaaan skor fear of COVID-19 berdasarkan Big Five Personality Traits pada penyandang diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Puskesmas Mlati II Kabupaten Sleman. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah 48 penyandang DM tipe 2 di Puskesmas Mlati II Kabupaten Sleman. Big Five Personality Traits diukur dengan Big Five Inventory (BFI) dan skor fear of COVID-19 diukur dengan instrumen Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) Tingkat kemaknaan uji statistik dinyatakan pada p <0.05. Analisis data menggunakan uji komparasi Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney dan uji regresi linear. Hasil : Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antara skor fear of COVID-19 berdasarkan big five personality trait dengan p<0,001. Uji Mann Whitney didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna skor fear of COVID-19 antar ciri kepribadian yaitu conscientiousness dengan extraversion (p=0,002) dan neuroticism (p=0,002), ciri kepribadian extraversion dengan agreeableness (p=0,001), serta ciri kepribadian agreeableness dengan neuroticism (p<0,001). Hasil uji regresi liner menunjukkan bahwa ciri kepribadian yang berpengaruh terhadap fear of COVID-19 adalah neuroticism dan extraversion . Kesimpulan : Terdapat perbedaan skor fear of COVID-19 berdasarkan Big Five Personality Traits pada penyandang DM tipe 2 dengan ciri kepribadian yang berpengaruh adalah neuroticism dan extraversion. Kata kunci: Big Five Personality Traits, skor fear of COVID-19, diabetes mellitus tipe 2, Kabupaten Sleman

Background: The high incidence of COVID-19, the rate of transmission, morbidity and mortality, stigmatization of survivors, and various adaptations to the new normal have triggered the phenomenon of fear of COVID-19 in all levels of society, particularly in high-risk groups including people with diabetes mellitus (DM). Research on such fear based on the Bbig Ffive personality traits in people with DM is still limited. The results of the study can be used as a basic reference for planning specific and appropriate interventions for people with DM in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: This study aims to determine the difference in the fear of COVID-19 scores based on the Big Five Personality Traits for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Mlati II Public Health Center, Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Method: This study was an observational, analytical study with a cross-sectional design involving 48 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Mlati II Public Health Center, Sleman Regency. Big Five Personality Traits were measured by the Big Five Inventory (BFI) while the fear of COVID-19 was measured by the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) instrument with a statistical significance level of p <0.05. The data were analyzed using the comparative tests of Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney, and linear regression test. Result: The results of this study showed a significant difference in the scores of fear of COVID-19 based on the Bbig Ffive personality trait with p<0.001. The Mann Whitney test revealed significant differences in the fear of COVID-19 scores between personality traits conscientiousness with extraversion (p=0.002) and neuroticism (p=0.002), extraversion with agreeableness (p=0.001), and agreeableness with neuroticism. (p<0.001). The results of the linear regression test show that the personality traits that influence the fear of COVID-19 were neuroticism and extraversion Conclusion: There was a difference in the fear of COVID-19 scores based on the Big Five Personality Traits for people with type 2 DM and the personality traits that influenced the fear were neuroticism and extraversion. Keywords: Big Five Personality Traits, fear of COVID-19 scores, type 2 diabetes mellitus, Sleman regency

Kata Kunci : Big Five Personality Traits, skor fear of COVID-19, diabetes mellitus tipe 2, Kabupaten Sleman