A Descriptive Study of Occupational Accident in Sleman Regency Using Health and Demographic Surveillance System Data

MUHAMMAD RIZKY AKBAR, dr. Beta Ahlam Gizela, Sp.FM(K)., DFM; dr. Fuad Anshori, M.Sc., Sp.PK; dr. Hendro Widagdo, Sp.FM(K)

2021 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN

Latar belakang. Kecelakaan kerja terus meningkat baik di Indonesia dan Dunia. Menurut International Labour Organization (2019) ada sekitar 374 juta kecelakaan kerja tidak fatal, 380,000 kematian dikarenakan kecelakaan kerja, dan 1000 kematian setiap harinya dikarenakan kecelakaan kerja. Ada tiga kategori faktor yang menyebabkan kecelakaan kerja, human; mechanical; and environmental. Tindakan tidak aman berkontribusi 88% terhadap penyebab kecelakaan kerja, keadaan tidak aman berkontribusi 10%, sedangkan sisanya 2% dikarenakan takdir. Tujuan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan karakteristik dan keparahan cedera yang didapat dari kecelakaan kerja di Kabupaten Sleman tahun 2016, 2017, dan 2019. Metode. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan studi deskriptif dengan data dari Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) Sleman tahun 2016, 2017, dan 2019. Sampel penelitian merupakan semua catatan kasus kecelakaan kerja yang lengkap dan sesuai dengan variable-variable penelitian. Hasil dan kesimpulan. Dari 271 (2016), 357 (2017), dan 260 (2019) sampel, diperoleh kecelakaan kerja lebih banyak terjadi pada pekerja laki-laki, pada kelompok umur 25 - 34, 35 - 44, dan 45 - 54 tahun, dengan tingkat pendidikan SMA ke bawah, dan didominasi oleh kecelakaan sepeda motor. Berdasarkan Injury Severity Score (ISS), tingkat cedera akibat kecelakaan kerja di Kabupaten Sleman sebagian besar merupakan cedera ringan ISS < 9.

Background. Work accidents continues to increase in Indonesia and the World. According to International Labour Organization (2019) there are approximately 374 million non-fatal work accidents, 380,000 deaths due to work accidents, and 1000 deaths due to work accidents every day. There are three categories of factors that cause work accidents, human; mechanical; and environmental. 'Unsafe acts' contributes 88% to the cause of accident while unsafe condition contributes 10% while the rest 2% are due to fate. Aim. This study aimed to obtain the characteristics and severity of injury sustained from occupational accident in Sleman Regency in 2016, 2017, and 2019. Method. The design uses descriptive study with data from Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) Sleman from year 2016, 2017, and 2019. The sample of this study are all records of occupational accident cases complete and in accordance with variables of the study. Result and conclusion. From 271 (2016), 357 (2017), and 260 (2019) sample, we obtained that occupational accident are more likely to befall on male workers, in age group of 25 - 34, 35 - 44, and 45 - 54 years old, with level of education High School or lower, and dominated by motorcycle accident on public road. Based on the usage of Injury Severity Score (ISS), injury grade due to occupational accident in Sleman Regency, are mostly minor injury ISS < 9.

Kata Kunci : Injury, Occupational Health and Safety, Occupational Accident, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS)