Gambaran Ketersediaan dan Harga Obat Formularium Nasional (Fornas) Kelas Terapi Psikofarmaka di Sistem e-Catalogue

LULU NUR AZIZAH, Dr. apt. Dwi Endarti, M.Sc.

2022 | Skripsi | S1 FARMASI

Pemerintah dalam menjamin ketersediaan obat, pengendalian harga serta mutu dari obat dengan menerapkan kebijakan pemberlakuan sistem e-catalogue dengan daftar item yang mengacu pada Formularium Nasional. Akan tetapi, selama pemberlakuan sistem e-catalogue masih ditemukan permasalahan terkait ketersediaan dan harga obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran ketersediaan obat Formularium Nasional kelas terapi psikofarmaka pada sistem e- catalogue, mengetahui variasi harga obat psikofarmaka pada tiap regional di sistem e-catalogue, dan membandingan harga obat psikofarmaka di e-catalogue dengan External Reference Price (ERP). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif observasional melalui pendekatan cross-sectional. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan observasi pada daftar obat Formularium Nasional (Fornas) 2019, laman e- catalogue obat tahun 2020, dan External Reference Price (harga referensi eksternal). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan presentase ketersediaan obat Formularium Nasional kelas terapi psikofarmaka pada sistem e-catalogue sebanyak 55,93%. Hasil penelitian terkait variasi harga obat Fornas kelas terapi psikofarmaka di sistem e-catalogue dari 33 item obat yang tayang sebanyak 6 item (18,2%) obat memiliki harga yang sama pada tiap regional dan 27 item (81,8%) lainnya memiliki perbedaan harga, dengan rerata presentase deviasi minimum sebesar 2,49% dan rerata presentase deviasi maksimum sebesar 0,79% terhadap median harga. Selain itu, berdasarkan hasil analisis data perbandingan harga obat psikofarmaka di sistem e-catalogue dengan ERP, dari sisi buyer sebanyak 8 item (44,4%) memiliki harga yang lebih mahal dan dari sisi supplier sebanyak 2 item (37,5%) memiliki harga yang lebih mahal. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masih dibutuhkan upaya untuk merasionalkan harga obat yang ada di Indonesia. Diharapkan pemerintah dan pihak yang terkait dapat melakukan evaluasi pengadaan obat melalui sistem e- catalogue agar tercapainya penetapan harga yang rasional sehingga kebutuhan obat pada fasilitas kesehatan dapat terpenuhi dengan baik.

The government, in ensuring the availability of drugs, controlling prices and quality of drugs by implementing a policy of implementing an e-catalogue system with a list of items referring to the National Formulary. However, during the implementation of the e-catalogue system, problems were still found regarding the availability and prices of drugs. This study aims to describe the availability of drugs in the National Formulary for psychopharmaceutical therapy classes in the e-catalogue system, to determine variations in the price of psychopharmaceutical drugs in each region in the e-catalogue system, and to compare the prices of psychopharmaceutical drugs in the e-catalogue with External Reference Price (ERP). This research was conducted using a descriptive observational method through a cross-sectional approach. Data collection was carried out by observing the 2019 National Formulary (Fornas) drug list, the 2020 drug e-catalogue page, and External Reference Price (external reference price). The results of this study indicate the percentage of availability of drugs in the National Formulary for psychopharmaceutical therapy classes in the e- catalogue system as much as 55.93%. The results of the study related to variations in the price of Fornas drugs in the psychopharmaceutical therapy class in the e- catalogue system from 33 drug items displayed. 6items (18.2%) of drugs had the same price in each region and the other 27 items (81.8%) had differences. prices, with a minimum average percentage deviation of 2.49% and an average maximum deviation percentage of 0.79% to the median price. In addition, based on the results of data analysis on the comparison of prices for psychopharmaceutical drugs in the e-catalogue system with ERP, from the buyer side, 8 items (44.4%) have a higher price and from the supplier side, 2 items (37.5%) have higher prices. higher price. This study shows that efforts are still needed to rationalize drug prices in Indonesia. It is hoped that the government and related parties can evaluate drug procurement through the e-catalogue system in order to achieve rational pricing so that drug needs in health facilities can be met properly.

Kata Kunci : Ketersediaan obat, e-catalogue, Fornas, psikofarmaka, external reference price.