UJI VALIDITAS DAN RELIABILITAS VITILIGO QUALITY OF LIFE INDEX (VITIQOL) VERSI BAHASA INDONESIA PADA PASIEN VITILIGO DI YOGYAKARTA

JEFFREY GIANTORO, dr. Fajar Waskito, Sp.KK(K),M.Kes.; Dr. dr. Sunardi Radiono, Sp.KK(K)

2021 | Tesis-Spesialis | DERMATOLOGI DAN VENEREOLOGI

Latar Belakang: Vitiligo merupakan kelainan kulit multifaktorial yang menyebabkan depigmentasi. Meskipun vitiligo asimptomatik, vitiligo dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien karena memberikan gangguan penampilan. Prevalensi vitiligo di Indonesia sekitar 0,5-2,0%. Instrumen pengukur kualitas hidup yang spesifik pasien vitiligo di Indonesia dibutuhkan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan menerjemahkan kuisioner Vitiligo Specific Quality of Life (VitiQoL) ke dalam bahasa Indonesia, menilai validitas dan reliabilitas VitiQol berbahasa Indonesia sebagai instrumen penilai kualitas hidup pasien vitiligo. Metode penelitian: Studi menggunakan metode observasional dengan survei analitik dan pendekatan potong lintang dilakukan terhadap 48 pasien vitiligo di Rumah Sakit dr. Sardjito pada Mei - September 2021. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam 3 tahap. Tahap pertama adalah penerjemahan VitiQoL ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia dan diterjemahkan kembali ke bahasa Inggris. Tahap kedua dan ketiga berupa pengukuran validitas serta reliabilitas VitiQoL berbahasa Indonesia. Hasil penelitian: Uji validitas menggunakan Pearson product moment menunjukkan rerata koefisien korelasi tiap pertanyaan 0,683. Uji reliabilitas menggunakan Cronbachs alpha sebesar 0,924. VitiQoL. VitiQoL memiliki 3 aspek, yaitu keterbatasan partisipasi, stigma, dan perilaku. Korelasi tiap aspek mempunyai rentang nilai 0,756-0,918 dengan variasi nilai Cronbachs alpha per item berkisar 0,808-0,89. Aspek keterbatasan partisipasi (84,2%) memiliki kontribusi terbesar terhadap nilai kualitas hidup. Kesimpulan: Kuisioner VitiQoL berbahasa Indonesia sebagai instrumen dengan validitas dan reliabilitas yang baik dapat digunakan untuk mengukur kualitas hidup pasien vitiligo di Indonesia.

Background: Vitiligo is a multifactorial skin disorder that causes depigmentation. Although vitiligo is asymptomatic, vitiligo can affect the patients quality of life because it gives a visual disturbance. The prevalence of vitiligo in Indonesia is around 0.5-2.0%. An instrument for measuring the quality of life that is specific to vitiligo patients in Indonesia is required. Objective: This study aims to translate Vitiligo Specific Quality of Life (VitiQoL) questionnaire into Indonesian, assess the validity and reliability of the Indonesian language VitiQol as an instrument to evaluate the quality of life of vitiligo patients. Method: An observational method with analytical survey and cross-sectional approach was conducted on 48 vitiligo patients at dr. Sardjito Hospital in May-September 2021. The research was carried out in 3 stages. The first stage is the translation of VitiQoL into Indonesian and then back into English. The second and third stage are measuring the validity and reliability of VitiQoL Indonesian version. Result: The validity test using Pearson product moment showed that the average correlation coefficient for each question is 0,683. Reliability test using Cronbachs alpha of 0.924. VitiQoL. VitiQoL has 3 domains, namely limited participation, stigma, and behavior. The correlation of each domain has a value range of 0.756 - 0.918 with a variation of Cronbachs alpha value per item ranging from 0.808 - 0.89. Limited participation domain (84.2%) has the largest contribution to the value of quality of life. Conclusion: The Indonesian language VitiQoL as an instrument with good validity and reliability can be used to measure the quality of life of vitiligo patients in Indonesia.

Kata Kunci : vitiligo, kualitas hidup, VitiQoL, validitas, reliabilitas, quality of life, VitiQoL, validity, reliability