Daya Antibakteri Platelet-rich Fibrin terhadap Porphyromonas gingivalis Pascabedah Periodontal

ZULAIKHA, Dr. drg. Ahmad Syaify, Sp.Perio(K);drg. Rezmelia Sari, M.Sc., Sp.Perio

2021 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN GIGI

Infeksi pascabedah merupakan salah satu komplikasi bedah periodontal yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan proses penyembuhan luka pascabedah. Pemberian bahan adjuvan, seperti antibakteri dapat digunakan untuk mengurangi serta mencegah terjadinya infeksi pascabedah. Platelet-rich Fibrin (PRF) merupakan bahan yang umum digunakan dalam bedah periodontal. Platelet-rich Fibrin diperoleh dari darah autologous dan memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri. Narrative review ini bertujuan untuk mengulas daya antibakteri PRF terhadap Porphyromonas gingivalis pascabedah periodontal. Metode yang digunakan dalam narrative review ini adalah studi literatur menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari artikel ilmiah dengan database PubMed, Science Direct, dan Google Scholar. Pencarian literatur menggunakan kata kunci yang relevan dengan formula Boolean Operators berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Sejumlah 13 artikel penelitian in vitro dan review diperoleh dari pencarian literatur. Hasil review artikel menunjukkan bahwa daya antibakteri PRF terhadap Porphyromonas gingivalis masih menimbulkan perdebatan dikarenakan perbedaan protokol penelitian secara in vitro. Mekanisme antibakteri PRF diperankan oleh platelet dan leukosit. Daya antibakteri paling besar dimiliki oleh I-PRF dikarenakan kandungan platelet dan leukosit yang lebih tinggi daripada L-PRF maupun A-PRF. Dalam keterbatasan studi ini, diperlukan standardisasi terhadap penelitian secara in vitro dan penelitian lebih lanjut secara in vivo maupun klinis agar didapatkan hasil yang akurat mengenai daya antibakteri PRF terhadap Porphyromonas gingivalis sehingga berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan adjuvan pascabedah periodontal.

Postoperative infection is one of the most common periodontal surgery complications that can interfere the surgical wound healing process. The use of adjuvant such as antibacterials could reduce and prevent postoperative infection. Platelet-rich Fibrin (PRF) is a common substance used in periodontal surgery. The PRF is derived from human autologous blood and it has potential antibacterial properties. The objective of this paper is to review the antibacterial properties of PRF against Porphyromonas gingivalis after periodontal surgery. The method used in this narrative review is a literature study from secondary data acquired from scientific articles using database PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. These literatures were searched using relevant keywords, with Boolean Operators formula based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 13 in vitro research articles and reviews were obtained from the comprehensive literature search. The results of this narrative review indicated that the antibacterial power of PRF against Porphyromonas gingivalis is still a matter of debate due to differences in in vitro study protocols. Platelets and leukocytes play a central role in the antibacterial properties of PRF. The greatest antibacterial power owned by I-PRF due to the higher platelet and leukocyte contents than L-PRF and A-PRF. Within the limitations of this study, it is necessary to standardize in vitro research and further in vivo and clinical research in order to obtain accurate results regarding the antibacterial properties of PRF against Porphyromonas gingivalis thus it has the potential to be used as an adjuvant material after periodontal surgery.

Kata Kunci : platelet-rich fibrin, porphyromonas gingivalis, patogen periodontal, antibakteri/antimikroba, bedah periodontal