KARAKTERISTIK EKSTERIOR KAMBING BLIGON DI KABUPATEN BANTUL YOGYAKARTA PADA ZONA AGRO-EKOLOGI BERBEDA

RENY DWI RAHMAWATI, Ir. Panjono, S.Pt., M.P., Ph.D., IPM., ASEAN Eng. ; Prof. Dr. Ir. Nono Ngadiyono, M.S., IPM., ASEAN Eng.

2021 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik eksterior kambing Bligon pada zona agro-ekologi berbeda di kabupaten Bantul. Kabupaten Bantul dapat digolongkan menjadi tiga zona agroekologi yaitu wilayah dataran tinggi, dataran rendah dan pesisir. Sampel yang diamati sebanyak 478 ekor kambing Bligon. Kambing Bligon dalam penelitian dikelompokkan berdasarkan umur Cempe (0-6 bulan), Muda (6-18 bulan) dan Dewasa (>18 bulan). Data yang diamati meliputi sifat kualitatif dan sifat kuantitatif. Sifat kualitatif yang diamati meliputi distribusi warna dan bentuk telinga dan sifat kuantitatif yang diamati meliputi tinggi gumba, lingkar dada, panjang badan, bobot badan dan panjang telinga. Data kualitatif dianalisis secara deskriptif dan Data kuantitatif yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menghitung nilai rata-rata dan standar deviasi pada sifat yang diamati. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa warna rambut kepala kambing Bligon sebagian besar belang di dataran tinggi, dataran rendah dan pesisir dengan persentase masing-masing adalah 71,9%, 69,2% dan 67,7%. Warna rambut badan di dataran tinggi sebagian besar belang (52,1%), dataran rendah sebagian besar belang (39,6%), pesisir sebagian besar putih (70,7%). Warna crest di dataran tinggi sebagian besar campuran coklat, hitam dan putih (69,9%), dataran rendah sebagian besar campuran coklat, hitam dan putih (44,7%), pesisir sebagian besar putih (70,1%). Warna rewos di dataran tinggi sebagian besar campuran coklat, putih dan hitam (88,4%), dataran rendah sebagian besar campuran coklat, putih dan hitam (57,9%), pesisir sebagian besar campuran coklat, putih dan hitam (59,3%). Bentuk telinga di dataran tinggi sebagian besar membuka (92,5%), dataran rendah sebagian besar membuka (73,6%), pesisir sebagian besar melipat (56,9%). Ukuran tubuh kambing Bligon di pesisir lebih besar dibandingkan dataran rendah. Sebaliknya, ukuran tubuh kambing Bligon di dataran rendah lebih besar dibandingkan dataran tinggi. Disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan zona agro-ekologi di kabupaten Bantul mempunyai perbedaan karakteristik eksterior kambing Bligon baik secara kualitatif maupun kuantitatif.

This study aimed to observed the exterior characteristics of Bligon goats in different agro-ecological zones in Bantul regency. In the Regency of Bantul, there are three agroecological zones, i.e., highland, lowland, and coastal. 478 heads of Bligon goats were use in this study. The Bligon goats were grouped according to the age of the kid (0-6 months), Young (6-18 months), and adult (>18 months). The observed data included both qualitative and quantitative traits. The qualitative traits included the distribution of ear color and shape, while the quantitative traits observed consisted of withers height (WH), hearth girth (HG), body length (BL), body weight (BW), and length of ear (LE). Qualitative data were analyzed descriptively and The quantitative data obtained were analyzed descriptively by calculating the average value and standard deviation of the observed traits. The results showed that the hair color of goat heads in the highlands was mostly striped (71.9%), the lowlands were mostly striped (69.2%), and the coast was mostly black (67.7%). The hair color of body in the highlands was mostly striped (52.1%), in the lowlands was mostly striped (39.6%), and the coast was mostly white (70.7%). The color of crest in the highlands was mostly mixed brown, black and white (69.9%), whereas the lowlands are mostly mixed brown, black and white (44.7%), and the coast was mostly white (70.1%). The hair color of rear thigt in the highlands was mostly mixed brown, white and black (88.4%), while the lowlands are mostly mixed brown, white and black (57.9%), and the coast was mostly mixed brown, white and black (59.3%).The ear shape in the highlands was mostly open (92.5%), the lowlands are mostly open (73.6%), the coast was mostly folded (56.9%). The body size of Bligon goats in the coastal areas was larger than that in the lowlands. In contrary, the body size of Bligon goats in the lowlands was larger than that in the highlands. It is concluded that the different agroecological zone affects different qualitative and quantitative exterior characteristics of Bligon goats across agro-ecological zones in Bantul Regency.

Kata Kunci : Kambing Bligon, Karakteristik kualitatif, Karakteristik kuantitatif