KINERJA INDUK KAMBING BLIGON YANG DIPELIHARA OLEH PETERNAK RAKYAT DI KECAMATAN PAJANGAN, BANTUL

MOH AKIL SIROJ, Prof. Ir. I Gede Suparta Budisatria, M.Sc., Ph.D., IPU., ASEAN Eng.

2021 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja induk kambing Bligon yang dipelihara oleh peternak rakyat di Kecamatan Pajangan, Kabupaten Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Januari 2021 sampai Agustus 2021. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei, wawancara, dan pengamatan langsung. Penentuan desa sampel berdasarkan jumlah populasi ternak terbanyak (Purposive Sampling) sedangkan penentuan responden sebanyak 21 peternak dan 40 ekor induk kambing Bligon secara purposive sampling. Data yang diambil meliputi profil peternak, kinerja induk dan konsumsi pakan. Data yang terkumpul dan bersifat kualitatif dan kuantitatif di analisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umur peternak 56,71+-10,91, persentase tingkat pendidikan paling banyak lulus SMA/SMK 42,86%, pekerjaan utama petani 42,86%, buruh 42,86%, dengan pengalaman beternak yang lebih dari 10 tahun 61,9%, kepemilikan ternak paling banyak 1 sampai 5 ekor (66,67%), kemampuan mendeteksi birahi kurang (52,38%), dan pengalaman mengikuti penyuluhan sedikit hanya 9,52% dari total peternak. Hasil kinerja induk menunjukkan bahwa umur perkawinan pertama 9,6+-3,23, interval kelahiran 10,50+-1,78, post partum mating (PPM) 5,28+-1,65, litter size 1,64+-0,58, mortalitas pra sapih 15,87%, dengan bobot lahir jantan 2,68+-0,68 dan betina 2,45+-0,67, bobot sapih jantan 11,93+-2,26 dan betina 10,12+-1,72. Perubahan bobot badan induk menurun pada bulan ke satu dan ke dua, kemudian mengalami kenaikan pada bulan ke tiga. Penurunan bulan pertama 3,20%, kedua 1,40%, dan kenaikan di bulan ketiga 2,80%. Konsumsi pakan BK, PK, TDN, dan BK/BB yakni 1,83+-0,34, 0,32+-0,14, 0,99+-0,27, dan 5,06+-1,26. Disimpulkan bahwa kinerja induk kambing Bligon di Kecamatan Pajangan adalah baik, ditinjau dari litter size, bobot lahir dan sapih, perubahan bobot badan induk dan kecukupan nutrien.

This study was conducted to observe the performance of Bligon goats kept by smallholder farmers in Pajangan District, Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. The research was conducted from January 2021 to August 2021. Survey method, interview, and direct field observation were applied as research methods. Sample of village were determined by purposive sampling technique based on the highest ownership of the goats in the district. Twenty one respondent and 40 Bligon goats were also selected by using purposive sampling. The data consisted of farmer's background, performance, and feed intake. Qualitative and quantitative data were analysed descriptively.The result showed that the age of farmers was 56.71+-10.91, percentage of education level mostly senior high class, it was 42.86%, main job as farmers was 42.86%, laborers was 42.86, with more than 10 years of experience was 61,9. Goat ownership of at most 1 to 5 heads (66.67%), the ability to detect estrus was less (52.38%), and experience on training was low (9.52%). The result showed that average age of first mating of Bligon goats was 9.6+-3.23, kidding interval was 10.50+-1.78, post partum mating (PPM) was 5.28+-1.65, litter size was 1.64+-0.58, pre-weaning mortality was 15.87%, birth and weaning weight were 2.96+-0.76 and 11.93+-2.26 kg, respectively. Body weight change of doe was decreased from birth to the second month of birth, then it was increased in the third month. The first month's decline was 3.20%, second was 1.40%, and third month's increase was 2.80%. Dry matter (DM), curde protein (CP), total digestible nutrients (TDN) intakes and percentage of dry matter intake based on body weight were 1.83+-0.34, 0.32+-0.14, 0.99+-0.27, and 5.06+-1.26%. The study concluded that the performance of Bligon goats in Pajangan District is well above the normal range, in terms of litter size, birth and weaning weight, the doe body weight change and nutrient adequacy.

Kata Kunci : Kambing Bligon, Kinerja Induk, Profil, Kecamatan Pajangan.