Karakteristik Pasien Yang Meninggal Terkait Anestesi Di RSUP DR. Sardjito 2017-2021

FANNY GUNAWAN, Dr. dr. Sudadi, SpAn, KNA, KAR ; dr. Mahmud, SpAn, M.Sc, KMN, FIPM

2021 | Tesis-Spesialis | ANESTESIOLOGI DAN TERAPI INTENSIF

Latar belakang: Anestesi adalah bagian kompleks dari pelayanan kesehatan dan berpotensi membahayakan. Pelayanan anestesi dapat ditingkatkan dengan mengetahui karakteristik pasien yang berhubungan dengan kematian terkait anestesi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien yang meninggal terkait anestesi di RSUP Dr. Sardjito. Metode: Tinjauan retrospektif database pasien yang dibius selama Januari 2017 hingga Mei 2021 dilakukan dengan mengambil data dari instalasi rekam medis RSUP Dr Sardjito. Data pasien yang meninggal terkait anestesi ditentukan oleh 3 orang spesialis anestesi. Kami menilai variabel pra operasi dan intraoperasi pasien seperti usia, jenis kelamin, status fisik ASA, teknik anestesi, jenis operasi, besar operasi, dan komorbid pasien yang berhubungan dengan kematian terkait anestesi. Hasil: Terdapat 39.965 pasien yang menjalani pembiusan. Tiga puluh pasien meninggal terkait anestesi. Karakteristik pasien yang meninggal terkait anestesi pada bulan Januari 2017 hingga Mei 2021 di RSUP Dr. Sardjito adalah pasien dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki (n=14 (46,6%)), status fisik ASA III (n=20 (66,7%)), jenis operasi emergensi (n=12 (40%)), teknik anestesi umum (n=25 (83,3%)), dan menjalani operasi mayor (n=25 (83,3%)). Usia rata-rata pasien yang meninggal terkait anestesi adalah 46,53 dengan standar deviasi SD±26,31. Terdapat 9 pasien (30%) yang meninggal dengan komorbid hipertensi. Kesimpulan: Hipertensi merupakan komorbid yang paling banyak dijumpai pada pasien yang meninggal terkait anestesi. Angka kematian terkait anestesi dalam 24 jam di RSUP Dr. Sardjito adalah 7,5 per 10.000 tindakan pembiusan.

Background: Anesthesia is a complex part of health care and has the potential to be dangerous. Anesthesia services can be improved by knowing the patient characteristics associated with anesthesia-related deaths. This study aims to determine the characteristics of patients who died related to anesthesia in Dr. Sardjito Hospital. Methods: A retrospective review of the database of patients who were anesthetized from January 2017 to May 2021 was carried out by taking data from the medical record installation of Dr. Sardjito Hospital. Data on patients who died related to anesthesia were determined by 3 anesthesiologists. We assessed patient preoperative and intraoperative variables such as age, gender, ASA physical status, anesthetic technique, type of surgery, size of surgery, and patient comorbidities associated with anesthesia-related mortality. Results: There were 39,965 patients who underwent anesthesia. Thirty patients died from anesthesia. Characteristics of patients who died related to anesthesia from January 2017 to May 2021 at Dr. Sardjito hospital was a patient with male gender (n=14 (46.6%)), ASA III physical status (n=20 (66.7%)), emergency surgery type (n=12 (40%)), general anesthetic technique (n=25 (83.3)), and undergoing major surgery (n=25 (83.3)). The mean age of patients who died from anesthesia was 46,53 with a standard deviation of SD±26.31. There were 9 patients (30%) who died with comorbid hypertension. Conclusion: Hypertension was the most common comorbid in patients who died due to anesthesia. Anesthesia-related mortality rate within 24 hours at Dr. Sardjito hospital is 7,5 per 10,000 anesthetic actions.

Kata Kunci : mortalitas, karakteristik, anestesi, komorbid