Persepsi dan Perilaku Masyarakat terhadap Rehabilitasi Hutan dan Lahan di Desa Wonorejo, Kecamatan Jatiyoso, Kabupaten Karanganyar

ARUM PUSPANINGTYAS M, Prasetyo Nugroho, S.Hut., M.Sc., Ph.D.

2021 | Tugas Akhir | D3 PENGELOLAAN HUTAN

Sub DAS Samin merupakan bagian dari DAS Bengawan Solo Hulu yang wilayahnya berada di Kabupaten Karanganyar dan Kabupaten Sukoharjo dan termasuk dalam 282 Sub DAS kritis di Indonesia. Sub DAS Samin memegang peranan vital pada daerah hulu, sehingga Sub DAS Samin menjadi salah satu wilayah kritis yang diprioritaskan untuk dilakukan kegiatan RHL. Lebih lanjut, pelibatan masyarakat dalam kegiatan Rehabilitasi Hutan dan Lahan (RHL) penting untuk menjamin keberhasilannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi dan perilaku masyarakat Desa Wonorejo terhadap kegiatan RHL di Sub DAS Samin. Penyusunan instrumen penelitian dilakukan berdasarkan Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Metode pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode survey menggunakan instrumen kuisioner yang disebarkan pada 307 responden di Desa Wonorejo secara acak dengan metode accidental sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif, uji validitas dan reliabilitas, dan korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi masyarakat Desa Wonorejo cenderung positif, dengan indikator 100% responden merasakan adanya manfaat/dampak positif kegiatan RHL, dan sebanyak 44.30% merasa RHL mampu mencegah erosi dan tanah longor. Hanya 10.10% responden yang merasa adanya dampak negatif dari RHL, yaitu adanya hama/penyakit tanaman sebanyak 58.06%. Perilaku masyarakat dinilai berdasarkan perhitungan nilai rerata masing-masing variabel, meliputi sikap (n = 5) dengan rerata 4.65, pengendalian perilaku yang dirasakan (n = 5) 4.30, norma moral (n = 3) 4.48, norma subyektif (n = 2) 4.02, persepsi risiko (n = 4) 3.87, identitas diri (n = 2) 4.12, niat perilaku (n = 5) 4.28, dan perilaku (n = 4) 4.05. Semakin tinggi nilai rata-rata menunjukkan semakin positif perilaku masyarakat terhadap RHL. Faktor hubungan antar variabel di uji dengan Spearman dan perilaku masyarakat dipengaruhi oleh variabel sikap, pengendalian perilaku yang dirasakan, norma moral, norma subyektif, persepsi risiko, identitas diri, dan niat perilaku.

Samin Sub-watershed is part of Bengawan Solo Hulu watershed which is mostly located in Karanganyar Regency and Sukoharjo Regency and is included in 282 critical Sub DAS in Indonesia. Samin Sub-watershed plays a vital role in the upstream area, so according to BPDASHL Solo, Samin Sub-watershed becomes one of the critical areas prioritized for Forest and Land Rehabilitation (RHL) activities by involving the people of Wonorejo Village which is close to Samin Sub-watershed and the location of RHL activities. Furthermore, community involvement in RHL activities is important to ensure its success. This research aims to find out the perception and behavior of the people of Wonorejo Village towards RHL activities in the Samin sub-watershed. The preparation of research instruments is based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The data retrieval method was carried out by survey method using questionnaire instruments distributed to 307 respondents by using accidental sampling method at Wonorejo Village. Data measurement using the Likert scale. Data analysis is conducted with quantitative descriptive analysis validity test and reliability test, and Spearman test. The results showed that the perception of the people of Wonorejo Village was positive, with 100% of respondents experiencing the positive benefits/impacts of RHL activities, and as many as 44.30% felt RHL was able to prevent erosion and landslides. Only 10.10% of respondents felt the negative impact of RHL, which is the presence of pests/plant diseases as much as 58.06%. People's behavior is judged on the calculation of the average value of each variable, including attitude (n = 5) with an average of 4.65, perceived behavioral control (n = 5) 4.30, moral norms (n = 3) 4.48, subjective norms (n = 2) 4.02, risk perception (n = 4) 3.87, self-identity (n = 2) 4.12, behavioral intentions (n = 5) 4.28, and behavior (n = 4) with an average of 4.05. The higher the average score indicates the more positive people's attitudes towards RHL. The higher the average score indicates the more positive people's behavior towards RHL. The relationship factors between variables in the test with Spearman and community behavior, as needed. influenced by variable attitudes, attitudes, perceived behavior control, moral norms, subjective norms, risk perceptions, self-identity, and behavioral intentions.

Kata Kunci : Persepsi, perilaku, rehabilitasi hutan dan lahan, sub DAS Samin, Desa Wonorejo/ Perception, behavior, forest and land rehabilitation, Samin Sub-watershed, village of Wonorejo