Analisis Spasial Kerentanan Sosial Ekonomi dalam Penanganan COVID-19: Strategi Pengembangan Smart Society dan Smart Economy di Kabupaten Sleman

AISAH TRI WAHYUNI, Dr. Rini Rachmawati, S.Si., M.T.; Prof. Dr. M. Baiquni, M.A.

2021 | Tesis | MAGISTER GEOGRAFI

Kabupaten Sleman merupakan salah satu daerah dengan tingkat penderita COVID -19 tertinggi dibandingkan dengan daerah lainnya di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penanganan yang tepat dengan mempertimbangkan kerentanan sosial ekonomi diperlukan untuk mengurangi risiko dari bencana pandemi COVID -19 di Kabupaten Sleman. Implementasi smart city di Kabupaten Sleman dapat menjadi peluang strategi yang tepat dalam penanganan COVID -19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kerentanan sosial ekonomi di masa pandemi COVID -19, menyusun tipologi desa berdasarkan tingkat kerentanan, dan mengeksplorasi strategi dari smart society dan smart economy dalam penanganan COVID -19. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode gabungan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan desain sequential explanatory. Data sekunder diperoleh dari dokumen resmi pemerintah, publikasi penelitian, surat kabar, dan artikel. Sementara itu, data primer diperoleh dari hasil indepth interview dengan beberapa pihak terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kerentanan sosial ekonomi yang tinggi berada di kawasan perkotaan, sedangkan yang termasuk rendah dan sedang mendominasi di kawasan perdesaan dan wilayah utara Kabupaten Sleman. Pola tingkat kerentanan sosial ekonomi adalah mengelompok yang menghasilkan delapan tipologi desa. Penanganan COVID -19 melalui smart society dan smart economy sudah mempertimbangkan aspek kerentanan sosial ekonomi, tetapi tidak secara spasial karena menyesuaikan kebutuhan dan permasalahan yang terjadi di masyarakat. Strategi penanganan kerentanan sosial ekonomi di masa pandemi COVID -19 dalam implementasi smart society dan smart economy adalah mendekatkan pelayanan ke masyarakat, peralihan layanan menjadi digital, peningkatan fitur aplikasi, serta peningkatan kapasitas masyarakat kategori rentan melalui pelatihan.

Sleman Regency has the highest rate of COVID-19 sufferers compared to other regions in Yogyakarta Special Region Province. Proper handling requires consideration of socioeconomic vulnerabilities to reduce the risk from the COVID-19 pandemic disaster in Sleman Regency. The implementation of smart city in Sleman Regency can be the right strategic opportunity in handling COVID-19. This study aimed to analyze socioeconomic vulnerability levels during the pandemic COVID-19, compile village typologies based on vulnerability levels, and explore strategies from smart society and smart economy in handling COVID-19. The method used in this research was a quantitative and qualitative combination with a sequential explanatory design. Secondary data had been obtained from official government documents, research publications, newspapers, and articles. Meanwhile, primary data had been obtained from the results of in-depth interviews with several related parties. The results showed that high levels of socioeconomic vulnerability were in urban areas, while those included were low and moderately dominant in rural areas of Sleman Regency. The pattern of socioeconomic vulnerability levels was clustering that results in eight village typologies. Handling COVID-19 through smart society and smart economy has considered aspects of socioeconomic vulnerability, but not spatially because it adjusts the needs and problems that occur in the community. The strategies of socioeconomic vulnerabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic in smart society and smart economy are to bring services closer to the community, switch services to digital, improve application features, and increase the capacity of vulnerable category communities through training.

Kata Kunci : COVID-19, kerentanan, smart society, smart economy