EFIKASI PIRANTEL PAMOAT DAN KOMBINASI PRAZIQUANTEL DAN PIRANTEL EMBONAT TERHADAP NEMATODIASIS PADA KUCING

LUH P E DAMAYANTI, Dr. drh. Soedarmanto Indarjulianto; Dr. drh. Agustina Dwi Wijayanti, M.P.

2021 | Tesis | MAGISTER SAINS VETERINER

Parasit nematoda gastrointestinal yang paling banyak dijumpai pada kucing dan berpotensi zoonosis adalah Toxocara cati dan Ancylostoma spp. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efikasi pirantel pamoat dan kombinasi praziquantel-pirantel embonat terhadap infeksi nematoda gastrointestinal pada kucing. Sepuluh ekor kucing yang positif nematodiasis berjenis kelamin jantan dan betina dengan kisaran umur antara 2 bulan - 5 tahun yang digunakan di dalam pnelitian ini dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok I diberi pirantel pamoat (20 mg/kg BB per oral) dan kelompok II diberi kombinasi praziquantel dan pirantel embonat (57,5 mg/kg BB per oral). Pemberian antelmintik dilakukan pada hari ke-1 dan ke-15. Sebelum dan sesudah pemberian antelmintik, dilakukan pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan darah rutin dan pemeriksaan feses dengan metode Mc. Master. Efektifitas antelmintik dievaluasi dengan fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, gejala klinis nematodiasis pada kucing terutama adalah diare dan anemia, serta sebagian kecil kekurusan dan rambut yang kusam; pemeriksaan darah menunjukkan 6 ekor mengalami anemia normositik normokromik dan 1 ekor mengalami anemia mikrositik hipokromik; pemeriksaan feses menunjukkan 8 ekor kucing terinfeksi Ancylostoma spp dengan jumlah 1.200-5.600 EPG dan 2 ekor kucing terinfeksi Toxocara spp. dengan jumlah 2.100-2.400 EPG. Setelah dilakukan pemberian antelmintik, hasil pemeriksaan klinis menunjukkan kenaikan berat badan dan tidak lagi mengalami diare, parameter darah kembali berada pada kisaran normal dan terjadi penurunan jumlah telur cacing. Hasil FECRT pirantel pamoat terhadap infeksi nematoda gastrointestinal pada kucing sebesar 100%, sedangkan kombinasi praziquantel dan pirantel embonat sebesar 97,51%. Disimpulkan bahwa kedua antelmintik ini baik digunakan untuk pengobatan infeksi nematoda gastrointestinal pada kucing.

The most common gastrointestinal nematode parasites found in cats and potentially zoonotic are Toxocara cati and Ancylostoma spp. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of pyrantel pamoate and praziquantel-pyrantel embonate combination against gastrointestinal nematode infection in cats. Ten cats that were positive for nematodiasis, male and female with an age range of 2 months - 5 years used in this study were divided into two groups. Group I was given pyrantel pamoate (20 mg/kg BW) and group II was given a combination of praziquantel and pyrantel embonate (57.5 mg/kg BW). Anthelmintics were given on the 1^st day and 15^thdays. Before and after administering anthelmintics, all samples were subjected to a physical examination, routine blood tests and faecal examination using the Mc. Master method. Anthelmintic effectiveness was evaluated by fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT). The results showed that the clinical symptoms of nematodiasis in cats were mainly diarrhea and anemia, as well as a small amount of emaciation and dull hair; blood examination showed that 6 animals had normochromic normocytic anemia and 1 had hypochromic microcytic anemia; faecal examination showed 8 cats were infected with Ancylostoma spp. with a total of 1.200-5.600 EPG and 2 cats were infected with Toxocara spp. with an amount of 2.100-2.400 EPG. After treatment, the results of clinical examination showed weight gain and no longer had diarrhea, blood parameters returned to the normal range and there was a decrease in the number of worm eggs. The results of the FECRT of the anthelmintic pyrantel pamoate against gastrointestinal nematode infection in cats was 100%, while the combination of praziquantel and pyrantel embonate was 97.51%. The concluded that both anthelmintics were suitable for the treatment of gastrointestinal nematode infections in cats.

Kata Kunci : Ancylostoma spp.,kucing,nematodiasis,pirantel,praziquantel,Toxocara spp.