Ketahanan Masyarakat Desa Tegaltirto Kecamatan Berbah Kabupaten Sleman Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

FATHIN AULIA RAHMAN, Dr. Ir. Dina Ruslanjari, M.Si.; Prof. Dr. Sri Rum Giyarsih, M.Si.

2021 | Tesis | MAGISTER MANAJEMEN BENCANA

Desa Tegaltirto merupakan pusat pertumbuhan dalam pengembangan wilayah di Kecamatan Berbah dengan keunggulan berupa aksesibilitas dan menjadi jalur strategis dan perdagangan. Pandemi Covid-19 memberikan dampak yang luas ke berbagai sektor serta menekan tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat ke tingkat yang lebih rendah. Sebagian besar masyarakat Desa Tegaltirto bekerja di sektor informal. Sektor informal menjadi komponen paling rentan terhadap dampak Pandemi Covid-19 karena kurangnya perlindungan dasar termasuk cakupan perlindungan sosial. Ketahanan masyarakat diperlukan dalam menghadapi krisis dan ancaman bencana. Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) menganalisis ketahanan masyarakat; (2) mengidentifikasi faktor yang memengaruhi ketahanan masyarakat, dan (3) mengetahui strategi adaptasi masyarakat Desa Tegaltirto di masa Pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Populasi penelitian berdasarkan dusun yang dianggap mewakili Desa Tegaltirto menurut keragaman pekerjaan masyarakat yaitu Dusun Kadisono, Sompilan dan Semoya. Teknik sampling menggunakan stratified random sampling jenis proporsional sampel sebanding jumlah populasi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode statistik deskritif untuk analisis tingkat ketahanan, metode analisis faktor untuk identifikasi faktor dan metode deskripsi kuantitatif untuk mengetahui strategi adaptasi masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Ketahanan masyarakat Desa Tegaltirto menurut kepemilikan aset menunjukkan tingkat ketahanan sedang, kategori tingkat ketahanan tinggi terdiri dari 9 rumah tangga, ketahanan sedang terdiri dari 75 rumah tangga, dan ketahanan rendah terdiri dari 16 rumah tangga. (2) Terbentuk 7 faktor yang memengaruhi ketahanan masyarakat yaitu; faktor pendidikan dan perekonomian, pengetahuan dan akses informasi Covid-19, alam, ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana, pencegahan risiko Covid-19, bantuan dari pihak luar, dan kesehatan dan sosial masyarakat. (3) Sebanyak 47 rumah tangga menerapkan strategi survival (bertahan hidup), terdapat 42 rumah tangga yang menerapkan strategi konsolidasi, serta sebanyak 11 rumah tangga yang menerapkan strategi akumulasi.

Tegaltirto Village is a growth center in regional development in Berbah District with advantages in the form of accessibility and being a strategic and trade route. The Covid-19 pandemic has had a broad impact on various sectors and suppressed the level of community welfare to a lower level. Most of the people in Tegaltirto Village work in the informal sector. The informal sector is the most vulnerable component to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic due to the lack of basic protection including social protection coverage. Community resilience is needed in dealing with crises and threats of disaster. This study aims to: (1) analyze community resilience; (2) identify factors that affect community resilience, and (3) find out the adaptation strategy of the Tegaltirto Village community during the Covid-19 Pandemic. This research is quantitative research with a survey method. The research population is based on hamlets that are considered representative of Tegaltirto Village according to the diversity of community work, namely Kadisono, Sompilan, and Semoya hamlets. Sampling technique using stratified random sampling type proportional sample proportional to the number of population. Data collection techniques used were questionnaires and documentation. The data analysis technique used descriptive statistical methods to analyze the level of resilience, factor analysis methods to identify factors, and quantitative description methods to determine community adaptation strategies. The results showed: (1) The resilience of the people of Tegaltirto Village according to asset ownership showed a moderate level of resilience, the category of high resilience level consisted of 9 households, medium resilience of 75 households, and low resilience consisting of 16 households. (2) The formation of 7 factors that affect community resilience, namely; education and economic factors, knowledge and access to information on Covid-19, nature, availability of facilities and infrastructure, prevention of Covid-19 risk, assistance from outside parties, and public health and social services. (3) A total of 47 households implement a survival strategy, there are 42 households that apply a consolidation strategy, and as many as 11 households apply an accumulation strategy.

Kata Kunci : Ketahanan Masyarakat, Pandemi, Covid-19 ; Community Resilience, Pandemic, Covid-19