Gambaran Ketersediaan dan Harga Obat Formularium Nasional Kelas Terapi Obat Kardiovaskular di Sistem E-Catalogue serta Perbandingan dengan Harga Referensi Eksternal

AZALEA KUSUMA HAYU, Dr. apt. Dwi Endarti, M.Sc

2021 | Skripsi | S1 FARMASI

Obat merupakan salah satu bagian penting dalam pelayanan kesehatan. Penting untuk mengatur pengelolaan dan ketersediaan obat kardiovaskular karena penyakit kardiovaskular merupakan penyebab kematian nomor satu di dunia. Oleh karena itu pemerintah menyusun Formularium Nasional dan membuat kebijakan untuk menggunakan sistem e-purchasing berdasarkan e-catalogue untuk mengatur pengelolaan dan ketersediaan obat di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan ketersediaan obat kardiovaskular di Fornas dengan di e-catalogue, mengetahui variasi harga obat kardiovaskular di e-catalogue, dan mengetahui perbandingan harga obat kardiovaskular di e-catalogue dengan External Reference Price (Harga Internasional). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan metode deskriptif melalui pendekatan cross-sectional. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui observasi pada daftar obat di Fornas 2019, di e-catalogue obat tahun 2020, dan di International Medical Product Price Guide. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Januari 2021 hingga Maret 2021. Data yang diambil berupa perbandingan ketersediaan obat kardiovaskular di Fornas dengan di e-catalogue, variasi harga di e-catalogue, dan perbandingan harga dengan External Reference Price. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa obat kardiovaskular di Fornas 2019 yang tersedia di e-catalogue sebesar 27%. Terdapat perbedaan harga obat kardiovaskular antarregion di Indonesia yaitu sebesar 15% dengan rerata persentase perbedaan harga minimal 0,10% dan harga maksimal 0,06%. Dalam International Medical Product Price Guide terdapat harga supplier dan buyer. Terdapat 66,7% obat kardiovaskular di Indonesia yang harganya lebih mahal dibandingkan harga supplier dan terdapat 60% obat yang harganya lebih mahal dibandingkan harga buyer.

Medicine is an important part of health services. It is important to regulate the management and availability of cardiovascular drugs because cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death in the world. Therefore, the government compiled a National Formulary and made a policy to use an e-purchasing system based on the e-catalogue to regulate the management and availability of drugs in Indonesia. This study aims to compare the availability of cardiovascular drugs in Fornas with those in the e-catalogue, to determine the price variations of cardiovascular drugs in the e-catalogue, and to compare the prices of cardiovascular drugs in the e-catalogue with the External Reference Price (International Prices). This research is an observational study with a descriptive method through a cross-sectional approach. Data collection was carried out through observations on the drug list at Fornas 2019, in the 2020 e-catalogue, and in the International Medical Product Price Guide. This research was conducted from January 2021 to March 2021. The data taken is a comparison of the availability of cardiovascular drugs in Fornas with the e-catalogue, price variations in the e-catalogue, and price comparisons with External Reference Prices. The data obtained were then analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the cardiovascular drugs in Fornas 2019 available in the e-catalogue were 27%. There is a difference in the price of cardiovascular drugs between regions in Indonesia, namely 15% with the average percentage difference in the price of a minimum of 0.10% and a maximum price of 0.06%. In the International Medical Product Price Guide, there are supplier and buyer prices. There are 66.7% of cardiovascular drugs in Indonesia which are more expensive than supplier prices and 60% of drugs are more expensive than buyers' prices.

Kata Kunci : Obat Kardiovaskular, Formularium Nasional, E-catalogue, Ketersediaan, Harga