Kadar merkuri emisi, ambient dan kadar merkuri urine masyarakat sekitar PT. GE Lighting Indonesia Jogjakarta
ESSAU, Dr.Ir. Sarto, MSc
2002 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan KerjaPT. General Electric Lighting Indonesia (PT. GELI) di JI. Magelang Km. 9,6 dikelilingi dua dusun yaitu Dusun Bangunrejo di sebelah utara dan Dusun Denggung di sebelah selatan. PT.GELl memproduksi lampu TL dan FCL yang dalam proses produksinya menggunakan merkuri (Hg) sebagai bahan baku pendukung. Suhu tinggi dalam tahap exhaust menghasilkan emisi Hg yang dapat meningkatkan kadar Hg udara ambien di sekitar pabrik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kadar merkuri ambien, jarak pemukiman dan lama bermukim dengan kadar merkuri urine masyarakat sekitar PT. GELI. Jenis penelitian ini adalah riset korelasional dengan model pendekatan studi potong lintang (cross-sectional) antara kadar Hg ambien, jarak pemukiman dan lama bermukim dengan Hg urine masyarakat. Subyek penelitian sebanyak 39 orang dari dua dusun tersebut. Kadar Hg emisi, ambien dan urine diukur dengan alat Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Specfrophotometry (CV-AAS). Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif one way anova dan uji korelasi parsial (p=0,05). Hasil uji anova antara kadar Hg ambien dan jarak pemukiman menunjukkan hubungan bermakna yaitu semakin jauh jarak pemukiman dari sumber emisi semakin kecil kadar Hg ambiennya (r=-0,8231). Hasil uji anova antara kadar Hg ambien dengan Hg urine menunjukkan hubungan bermakna yaitu semakin tinggi kadar Hg ambiennya semakin tinggi pula kadar Hg urine masyarakatnya (r=0,7887). Hasil uji anova antara kadar Hg urine dengan jarak pemukiman menunjukkan hubungan bermakna yaitu semakin jauh jarak pemukiman semakin rendah kadar Hg urine masyarakatnya (r=-0,7782). Adapun hasil uji anova antara kadgr Hg urine dengan lama bermukim menunjukkan hubungan yang tidak be,rmakna (r=0,0921). Dengan demikian kadar Hg urine masyarakat tidak dipengaruhi oleh lama bermukimnya.
PT. General Electric Lighting Indonesia (PT. GELI) is located in JI. Magelang Km. 9,6, surrounded with two sub villages Bangunrejo at the north and Denggung at the south. PT.GELl’s produces TL and FCL lamps that in its production process used mercury (Hg) for supplement basic material. High temperature in exhaust stage result in Hg emission that could increase the amount of Hg in the ambient around the factory. This research was aimed to examine the relationship between the amount of Hg of the ambient, the residence distance and the length of living with the amount of urine Hg of the community around PT. GELI. This is a correlation research with cross-sectional design between the amount of Hg of the ambient, the residence distance and the length of living with the amount of urine Hg of the community. The subjects of this research were 39 people from two sub villages. The amount of Hg in the emission, the ambient and the urine were measured with Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (CV-AAS). Statistic analysis which used was descriptive analysis of one way anova test and partial correlation (p=0,05). The result of the anova test between the amount of Hg of the ambient and residence distance showed significant relationship. Consequently, when the residence distance is getting longer from emission source, the amount of Hg of the ambient is getting smaller (r=-O,8231). The result of the anova test between the amount of Hg of the ambient with the amount of Hg of urine showed significant relationship. Consequently, when the amount of Hg of the ambient is getting higher, the amount1 of Hg of community urine is getting higher (r=0.7887). In addition, the result of the anova test between the amount of urine Hg and the residences distance showed significant relationship So, when the residence distance is getting longer from emission source, the amount of urine Hg of the community is getting lower (r=-0,7782). On the other hand, the result of the ahova test between the amount of urine Hg and the length of living did not show significant relationship (r=0,0921). This is an indication that the amount of the community urine Hg has not to influenced by the length of living.
Kata Kunci : Kesehatan Lingkungan, Emisi Hg Pabrik, Merkuri Urine Masyarakat
