Seleksi Aksesi Kacang Panjang (Vigna unguiculata ssp. Sesquipedalis) sebagai Sumber Hijauan Pakan

Rozan Andru Mustaqiim, Ir. Nafiatul Umami, S.Pt., MP., Ph.D., IPM., ASEAN Eng.;Ir. Bambang Suwignyo, S.Pt., MP., Ph.D. IPM. , ASEAN Eng.

2021 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyeleksi aksesi tanaman kacang panjang (Vigna unguiculata ssp. Sesquipedalis) untuk sumber pakan ternak berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi, produksi nutrisi, dan biomassa. Penelitian dilakukan di Pusat Inovasi Agroteknologi Universitas Gadjah Mada. Kacang panjang (Vigna unguiculata ssp. Sesquipedalis) berjumlah 34 aksesi yang berasal dari Pulau Jawa dengan pengulangan tiga kali ditanam di lahan yang sudah diberi pupuk dengan jarak tanaman 40x60 cm. Seleksi dilakukan berdasarkan tinggi dan panjang tanaman, produksi biomasa dan hasil uji kandungan nutrien berupa bahan kering (BK) dan bahan organik (BO). Lima aksesi terbaik diambil berdasarkan produksi segarnya dilanjutkan dengan uji protein kasar (PK), serat kasar (SK) dan lemak kasar (LK). Data hasil penelitian dianalisis kandungannya dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Pola Searah (One Way Anova). Aksesi terbaik berdasarkan data morfologi, produksi bimassa dan nutrisinya dari 34 aksesi adalah 141, 153, 158, 225, dan 360. Produksi segar aksesi nomor 141 yaitu 140,97 ton/ha dengan kadar PK 15,63%. Produksi segar aksesi nomor 153 yaitu 138,89 ton/ha dengan kadar PK 15,80%. Produksi segar aksesi nomor 158 yaitu 139,17 ton/ha, dengan kadar PK 15,53%. Produksi segar aksesi nomor 225 yaitu 150 ton/ha, dengan kadar PK 15,73%. Produksi segar aksesi nomor 360 yaitu 132,64 ton/ha dengan kadar PK 15,77%. Dapat diketahui bahwa kandungan nutrien setiap aksesinya memiliki perbedaan yang nyata. Berdasarkan penelitian disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan asal wilayah aksesi kacang panjang mempengaruhi produksi dan kandungan nutrien. Aksesi terbaik untuk pakan ternak ditinjau dari produski biomasa jerami sebagai pakan adalah aksesi nomor 225 (150 ton/ha).

This study aimed to select the accessions of long beans (Vigna unguiculata ssp. Sesquipedalis) for for animal feed sources based on morphological characteristics, nutrient production, and biomass of string beans (Vigna unguiculata ssp. Sesquipedalis). The research was conducted at the Center of Agrotechnology Universitas Gadjah Mada in May 2019. Long beans (Vigna unguiculata ssp. Sesquipedalis) with 34 accessions originating from Java Island with three repetitions planted on fertilized land with a plant distance of 40x60 cm. Selection is based on plant height and length, biomass production and test results for nutrient content in the form of organic matter (OM) and dry matter (DM) then the 5 best accession numbers were taken based on fresh production and continued with crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF) and crude fiber (CFr) tests. The contents of the research data were analyzed using a completely randomized design with unidirectional patterns (One Way Anova). The best accessions were based on fresh production from 34 accessions are 141, 153, 158, 225, and 360. Fresh production of long beans number 141 was 140.97 tons/ha (fresh weight) with a CP content of 15.63%. Fresh production of long beans number 153 is 138.89 tonnes/ha (fresh weight), with a CP content of 14.96%. Fresh production of long beans number 158 is 139.17 tonnes/ha (fresh weight) with CP content of 15.53%. Fresh production of long beans number 225 is 150 tonnes/ha (fresh weight) with a CP content 15.73%. Fresh production of long beans number 360 is 132.64 tonnes/ha (fresh weight) with CP content of 15.77%. It can be seen that the nutrient content of each accession has a significant difference. Based on the research, it was concluded that the differences in the origin of the long bean accession areas affected the production and nutrient content. The best accession for forages from feed biomass production is accession number 225 (150 tons / ha).

Kata Kunci : Aksesi, Kacang panjang, Pakan ternak, Seleksi / Accessions, Forage, Long beans, Selection