AN ANALYSIS OF GRICEAN MAXIM VIOLATIONS IN THE BREAKFAST CLUB MOVIE

VIVI AULIA DIAN NOVA, Dr. Ni Gusti Ayu Roselani, M.A.

2021 | Skripsi | S1 SASTRA INGGRIS

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi pelanggaran maksim-maksim Grice yang dilakukan oleh tokoh utama film The Breakfast Club, Brian, Bender, Andrew, Claire, dan Allison. Penelitian ini berfokus pada identifikasi ujaran-ujaran yang mengandung pelanggaran maksim serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pelanggaran maksim. Data tersebut berupa ujaran-ujaran yang dihasilkan oleh tokoh utama dalam film yang mengandung pelanggaran maksim. Data diperoleh dengan cara menonton The Breakfast Club, membaca naskah film, dan menuliskan dialog-dialog yang mengandung pelanggaran maksim. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian ini, pelanggaran maksim dalam film terjadi dalam dua cara, yaitu pelanggaran maksim tunggal dan pelanggaran maksim ganda. Pelanggaran maksim tunggal terdiri dari 1) pelanggaran maksim kuantitas (17 ucapan), 2) pelanggaran maksim kualitas (10 ucapan), 3) pelanggaran maksim relevansi (2 ucapan), dan 4) pelanggaran maksim cara (2 ucapan). Sementara itu, pelanggaran maksim ganda meliputi 1) pelanggaran maksim kuantitas & kualitas (3 ucapan), 2) pelanggaran maksim kuantitas & cara (1 ucapan). Terdapat dua jenis faktor yang mempengaruhi pelanggaran maksim. Pertama, faktor internal yang berasal dari dalam diri tokoh seperti sifat-sifat tokoh dan motivasi tokoh. Kedua, faktor eksternal, yaitu berupa latar dan situasi, partisipan, tujuan, urutan tindakan, nada pembicaraan, dan norma.

This research aims to investigate the violation of Gricean maxims performed by the main characters of the movie The Breakfast Club, Brian, Bender, Andrew, Claire, and Allison. It focuses on identifying utterances that contain maxim violations as well as the factors that influence the maxim violations. The data are in the form utterances produced by the main characters of the movie which contain maxim violations. The data were obtained by watching The Breakfast Club, reading the movie script, and writing down the dialogues containing maxim violations. According to the findings of this research, the violation of the maxims in the movie occurred in two ways, namely single maxim violation and multiple maxim violation. Single maxim violation consists of 1) violation of maxim of quantity (17 utterances), 2) violation of maxim of quality (10 utterances), 3) violation of maxim of relevance (2 utterances), and 4) violation of maxim of manner (2 utterance). Meanwhile, multiple maxim violation includes 1) violation of maxim of quantity & quality (3 utterances), 2) violation of maxim of quantity & manner (1 utterance). There are two types of factors that influence the maxim violations. The first is the internal factors that come from within the characters such as the characters' traits and motivation. The second is external factors, namely in the form of setting and scene, participants, ends, act sequence, key, and norms.

Kata Kunci : Gricean maxims, maxim violations, factors, The Breakfast Club movie