SINTESIS TURUNAN EUGENOL DAN UJI INHIBISINYA TERHADAP ENZIM ALFA-AMILASE SERTA EFEK SINERGITASNYA DENGAN ASAM FERULAT

M. TATANG TAFTAZANI, Prof. Dr. Chairil Anwar; Respati Tri Swasono, S.Si., M.Phil., Ph.D.

2021 | Skripsi | S1 KIMIA

Sintesis turunan eugenol dan uji inhibisinya terhadap enzim alfa-amilase serta efek sinergitasnya dengan asam ferulat telah dilakukan. Penelitian diawali dengan sintesis senyawa turunan eugenol yaitu eugenyl asetat melalui reaksi esterifikasi eugenol dengan anhidrida asetat dan natrium asetat digunakan sebagai katalis. Proses reaksi menerapkan metode sonokimia dengan bantuan gelombang ultrasonik. Karakterisasi senyawa eugenyl asetat hasil sintesis dilakukan dengan KLT, GC-MS, dan FTIR. Senyawa eugenyl asetat dan asam ferulat dengan variasi konsentrasi (1; 0,5; 0,25; 0,125; 0,0625; 0,03125 mM), serta campuran senyawa eugenyl asetat dan asam ferulat dengan perbandingan volume (1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 2:1, 4:1, 8:1), kemudian diuji aktivitas inhibisinya terhadap enzim alfa-amilase. Pengujian aktivitas inhibisi dilakukan dengan menggunakan pati dan dideteksi dengan iodin kemudian dikuantifikasi dengan pengukuran menggunakan microplate reader pada panjang gelombang 580 nm. Persen inhibisi yang didapat kemudian dibandingkan dengan persen inhibisi kuersetin sebagai kontrol positif. Senyawa eugenyl asetat yang didapatkan meliliki sifat fisik cair, berwarna kuning kehijauan dengan rendemen 93,24% dan memiliki kemurnian 98,65%. Aktivitas inhibisi tertinggi senyawa eugenyl asetat adalah 97,55% pada konsentrasi 1 mM dan senyawa asam ferulat adalah 99,67% pada konsentrasi 0,25 mM. Senyawa eugenyl asetat memberikan presentase inhibisi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kuersetin sebagai kontrol positif pada konsentrasi 1 mM dan 0,25 mM. Senyawa asam ferulat memberikan presentase inhibisi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kuersetin sebagai kontrol positif pada konsentrasi 0,25; 0,0625; dan 0,03125 mM. Senyawa eugenyl asetat memiliki efek sinergisitas dengan asam ferulat sebagai inhibitor enzim alfa-amilase, dimana aktivitas inhibisinya pada perbandingan volume 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 2:1, 4:1, 8:1 ada pada rentang 98,65-99,96%.

The synthesis of eugenol derivatives and its inhibition test against the alpha-amylase enzyme and its synergism effect with ferulic acid have been carried out. The research began with the synthesis of eugenol derivatives, namely eugenyl acetate, through the esterification reaction of eugenol with acetic anhydride and sodium acetate used as a catalyst. The reaction process applies the sonochemical method with the help of ultrasonic waves. Characterization of the synthesized eugenyl acetate was carried out by TLC, GC-MS, and FTIR. Eugenyl acetate and ferulic acid with various concentrations (1; 0.5; 0.25; 0.125; 0.0625; 0.03125 mM), as well as a mixture of eugenyl acetate and ferulic acid with a ratio of volume (1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 4, 1: 8, 2: 1, 4: 1, 8: 1), then tested its inhibitory activity against the alpha-amylase enzyme. Inhibition activity testing was carried out using starch and detected with iodine then quantified by measuring using a microplate reader at a wavelength of 580 nm. The percentage of inhibition obtained was then compared with the percent inhibition of quercetin as a positive control. The eugenyl acetate compound obtained has liquid physical properties, is greenish yellow in color with a yield of 93.24% and has a purity of 98.65%. The highest inhibitory activity of eugenyl acetate was 97.55% at a concentration of 1 mM and ferulic acid compound was 99.67% at a concentration of 0.25 mM. Eugenyl acetate compound gave a higher percentage of inhibition than quercetin as a positive control at concentrations of 1 mM and 0.25 mM. Ferulic acid gave a higher percentage of inhibition than quercetin as a positive control at a concentration of 0.25; 0.0625; and 0.03125 mM. Eugenyl acetate compounds have a synergistic effect with ferulic acid as an alpha-amylase enzyme inhibitor, where at a concentration ratio of volume 1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 4, 1: 8, 2: 1, 4: 1, 8: 1 the inhibitory activity is present. in the range 98.65-99.96%.

Kata Kunci : alpha-amylase enzyme, eugenyl acetate, ferulic acid, inhibitory activity, quercetin