Pengaruh Pengawet Sodium Benzoat terhadap Stabilitas Ekstrak Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) dan Laju Korosi Kawat Ortodonti Stainless Steel

ALYANISA MAHIRA, Dr. drg. Cendrawasih AF, M.Kes., Sp.Ort(K); Dr. drg. Sri Suparwitri, SU., Sp.Ort(K)

2021 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN GIGI

Daun belimbing wuluh mengandung tanin yang dapat menghambat laju korosi kawat ortodonti. Penelitian mengenai stabilitas ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh yang diberi bahan pengawet yaitu sodium benzoat dilakukan agar masa penyimpanan ekstrak lebih lama. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh sodium benzoat terhadap stabilitas ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh dan laju korosi kawat ortodonti stainless steel. Sampel penelitian pada laju korosi sebanyak 32 sampel kawat ortodonti stainless steel dan pada stabilitas ekstrak total sebanyak delapan sampel ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh yang dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan. Sampel diukur berat awalnya sebelum diberi perlakuan dan diukur berat akhirnya setelah direndam selama 9 menit 36 detik di dalam ekstrak dengan pengawet dan yang tanpa pengawet. Pengukuran berat akhir dilakukan pada hari ke 0, 21, dan 42 menggunakan timbangan digital analitik. Hasil pengukuran berat kawat dihitung dengan rumus untuk mendapatkan nilai laju korosi. Pengukuran stabilitas ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada hari ke 0, 21, dan 42. Hasil analisis data two way ANOVA diperoleh nilai signifikansi <0.05 menyatakan bahwa sodium benzoat berpengaruh terhadap stabilitas ekstrak dan laju korosi kawat ortodonti. Uji Post Hoc LSD diketahui terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada seluruh kelompok uji (p<0.05) sehingga terdapat pengaruh antara lama waktu penyimpanan dengan pemberian sodium benzoat terhadap stabilitas ekstrak dan laju korosi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah sodium benzoat berpengaruh dalam memperlambat penurunan stabilitas ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh dan peningkatan laju korosi kawat ortodonti stainless steel pada hari ke 0, 21, dan 42.

Bilimbi leaf contains tannin, a substance which can inhibit the corrosion rate of orthodontic wire. Research on the stability of bilimbi leaf extract which was mixed with sodium benzoate was carried out to prolong the storage duration of the extract. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sodium benzoate on the stability of bilimbi leaf extract and the corrosion rate on stainless steel orthodotincs wires during a 0, 21, and 42 days storage period. The research sample on the corrosion rate was 32 samples of stainless steel orthodontic wire and on the extract stability as many as eight samples of bilimbi lead extract divided intro control and treatment group. The samples were initially measured weighed before being treated and the final weight was measured after soaking for 9 minutes 36 seconds in extract with preservatives and without preservatives. Final weight of sample measured on days 0, 21, and 42 using an analytical digital scale. The result of the measurement of wire weight are calculated by the formula to get the corrosion rate value. The stability of the bilimbi leaf extract was measured using a spectrophotometer UV-Vis on days 0, 21, and 42. The result of the two way ANOVA data analysis obtained a significance value of <0.05 which indicates that sodium benzoate has an effect on extract stability and corrosion rate of orthodontic wire. Post hoc LSD test was found to have significant differences in all test groups (p<0.05) so that there was an effect between storage time and sodium benzoate administration on extract stability and corrosion rate. The conclusion of the study is that sodium benzoate has an effect in slowing the decrease in stability of the bilimbi leaf extract and increasing the corrosion rate of stainless steel orthodontic wires on days 0, 21, and 42.

Kata Kunci : daun belimbing wuluh, inhibitor korosi, laju korosi, sodium benzoat, stabilitas ekstrak