Intensi Prososial terhadap Ingroup dan Outgroup berbasis Keagamaan pada Remaja di Sekolah Umum dan Agama

FARAH AISYAH AZZAHRA, Sutarimah Ampuni, S.Psi., M.Si., Psikolog

2021 | Skripsi | S1 PSIKOLOGI

Perilaku prososial salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh pengalaman bersosialisasi. Sekolah berbasis umum maupun keagamaan memberikan peluang berbeda dalam hal interaksi siswa dengan anggota lintas agama. Kondisi ini dapat mempengaruhi sikap terhadap anggota ingroup dan outgroup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan intensi prososial terhadap ingroup dan outgroup berbasis keagamaan pada remaja sekolah heterogen (sekolah negeri) dan sekolah homogen (sekolah Islam). Partisipan penelitian merupakan 220 remaja berusia 12-15 tahun, beragama Islam, dan bersekolah di sekolah berbasis umum (N = 130) dan agama (N = 90). Pengukuran dilakukan menggunakan modifikasi dari Scenario-based Prosocial Intention Questionnaire (SBPIQ). Hasil two-way mixed ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa tingkat intensi prososial secara umum ditemukan tertinggi pada target ingroup, kemudian diikuti target outgroup dan netral. Adapun berdasarkan latar belakang sekolah, intensi prososial terhadap target ingroup, outgroup, dan netral lebih tinggi pada remaja di sekolah umum dibandingkan sekolah berbasis agama.

One of the factors that influences prosocial behavior is socialization experience. Public and religious schools provide different opportunities for students in terms of interaction with peers from different religions. This difference may affect attitudes toward ingroup and outgroup members. This study aimed to compare prosocial intentions towards religion-based ingroup and outgroup peer members in adolescents with heterogeneous schools and homogenous (Islamic) schools. Participants were 220 Muslim adolescents aged 12-15 years, who attended public schools (N= 130) and religious schools (N= 90). The modified Scenario-based Prosocial Intention Questionnaire (SBPIQ) was used to measure prosocial intentions. Two-way mixed ANOVA results showed that the level of prosocial intention was highest toward the ingroup target, followed by those toward the outgroup and neutral targets. Based on school background, prosocial intentions towards ingroup, outgroup, and neutral targets were all higher for adolescents in public schools than in religion-based schools.

Kata Kunci : ingroup-outgroup, lintas agama, perilaku prososial, remaja, sekolah homogen/heterogen