PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TERHADAP PRAKTIK ARBITRASE INTERNASIONAL

SEPTIANI EKA WAHYU P, Prof. Dr., Marsudi Triatmodjo S.H., LL.M.

2021 | Skripsi | S1 HUKUM

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami pengaruh artificial intelligence (AI) terhadap praktik arbitrase internasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang, pendekatan historis, dan pendekatan perbandingan. Penelitian ini juga menganalisis secara deskriptif mengenai analisis hukum arbitrase internasional terhadap pengaruh penggunaan AI dalam praktik arbitrase internasional. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, didapatkan hasil sebagai berikut: Pertama, AI yang digunakan dalam tahap-tahap arbitrase internasional berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap proses arbitrase, hasil dari setiap tahap, efektivitas waktu dan sumber daya manusia serta efisiensi biaya. Namun, penggunaan AI menimbulkan berbagai isu-isu hukum karena peraturan arbitrase yang berlaku saat ini seperti UNCITRAL Model Law, ICC Arbitration Rules, ICSID Convention, New York Convention, dan lain-lain masih belum mengatur secara khusus dan komprehensif mengenai penggunaan AI dalam praktik arbitrase.internasional. Penggunaan AI juga memunculkan berbagai masalah yaitu masalah kerahasian, masalah bias algoritma, masalah autentikasi, masalah keberlakuan arbitrase elektronik, dan masalah serangan siber. Selain itu, penerapan prinsip-prinsip penyelesaian sengketa internasional secara damai penting dan harus selalu diperhatikan dalam penggunaan AI untuk proses penyelesaian sengketa melalui arbitrase internasional. Hal ini bertujuan agar penggunaan AI dalam arbitrase internasional tidak melanggar prinsip-prinsip penyelesaian sengketa internasional secara damai dan penerapannya selalu diperhatikan untuk mencapai penyelesaian sengketa.

This research aims to understand the effect of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) on international arbitration practices. This research uses normative research methods using legal approaches, historical approaches, and comparative. This reseearch also descriptively analyzed the analysis of international arbitration law on the effect of AI use in international arbitration practices. Based on the results of the research, the following results were obtained: First, AI used in the stages of international arbitration significantly affects the arbitral proceedings, the results of each stage, the effectiveness of time and human resources as well as cost efficiency. However, the use of AI raises a variety of legal issues because current arbitration rules such as the UNCITRAL Model Law, ICC Arbitration Rules, ICSID Convention, New York Convention, and others still do not govern specifically and comprehensively regarding the use of AI in international arbitration practices. The use of AI also raises a variety of issues, namely confidentiality issues, algorithm bias issues, authentication issues, electronic arbitration enforceability issues, and cyberattack issues. In addition, the application of peaceful settlement of international dispute principles is important and should always be considered in the use of AI for dispute resolution processes through international arbitration.This is so that the use of AI in international arbitration does not violate the principles of peaceful international dispute resolution and its application is always considered to achieve dispute resolution.

Kata Kunci : artificial intelligence, arbitrase internasional, tahap-tahap arbitrase internasional, masalah penggunaan AI/artificial intelligence, international arbitration, stages of international arbitration, AI usage problems.