PENGETAHUAN, PERSEPSI, DAN PERILAKU TERKAIT COVID-19 SERTA PENERIMAAN VAKSIN COVID-19 PADA MASYARAKAT DI KABUPATEN BANTUL

FAUZIAH NURHASANAH, Anna Wahyuni Widayanti, MPH., Ph.D., Apt.

2021 | Skripsi | S1 FARMASI

COVID-19 merupakan infeksi virus yang disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV-2. Penyebaran virus terjadi dengan cepat dan menciptakan pandemi baru yang menjangkit dunia. Pencegahan penyebaran penting dilakukan untuk mengatasi pandemi COVID-19 sementara vaksin masih dalam proses pengembangan. Masyarakat harus ikut serta dalam upaya pencegahan penularan dengan menerapkan protokol kesehatan. Pengetahuan dan persepsi terhadap COVID-19 dapat mempengaruhi perilaku saat pandemi dan penerimaan vaksin COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis kuantitatif terhadap pengetahuan, persepsi, dan perilaku masyarakat terkait pandemi COVID-19, serta penerimaan vaksin COVID-19 pada masyarakat Kabupaten Bantul. Penelitian cross-sectional ini menggunakan kuesioner yang telah disesuaikan dengan populasi penelitian. Responden berjumlah 135 dengan usia lebih dari 18 tahun dan bertempat tinggal di Kabupaten Bantul. Sampel dipilih secara convenience sampling dan data dianalisis secara deskriptif kemudian dilihat hubungan antara karakteristik responden, pengetahuan, persepsi, dan perilaku terkait COVID-19 serta penerimaan vaksin COVID-19 menggunakan uji statistik Kruskal-Wallis dan Spearman Rho. Penelitian dilakukan pada Oktober 2020 hingga Januari 2021. Hasil analisis responden memiliki pengetahuan tinggi (50,37%), persepsi positif (65,19%), dan perilaku positif (57,78% ) serta penerimaan vaksin COVID-19 tinggi (64,44%). Dari uji statistik, terdapat hubungan antara usia (p=0,027), pendidikan terakhir (P=0,008), dan pengalaman (p=0,029) dengan pengetahuan tentang COVID-19. Tidak ada hubungan antara karakteristik demografi dengan persepsi. Terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan (p=0,024) dan persepsi (p=008) dengan perilaku masyarakat saat pandemi. Terdapat hubungan antara persepsi (p=0,013) dengan penerimaan terhadap vaksin COVID-19. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan penerimaan terhadap vaksin COVID-19.

COVID-19 is a viral infection caused by newly discovered coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. The outbreak of this infection occurs rapidly and creates a new pandemic. It is important to prevent the spread to overcome this pandemic while antiviral is being developed. People must participate by implementing health protocols. Knowledge and perception of COVID-19 would affect people�s behavior and acceptance towards COVID-19 vaccines. This study aims to analyze quantitatively knowledge, perception, and behavior towards COVID-19, and COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Bantul Regency. This study uses cross-sectional design with survey approach. Respondents involved were 135 respondents aged more than 18 years old and lived in Bantul Regency. Samples were selected by convenience sampling. Data results were analyzed descriptively and relationship between respondent characteristics, knowledge, perception, and behavior towards COVID-19 and vaccine acceptance were tested using Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman-Rho test. This research begins in October 2020 until January 2021. The results showed that people in Bantul Regency have high knowledge (50,37%), positive perception (65,19%), and positive behavior (57,78%) towards COVID-19 and high acceptance (64,44%) towards COVID-19 vaccine. From statistical analysis, there are significant relationship between age (p=0,027), education (P=0,008), and experience (p=0,029) with knowledge about COVID-19. There is no significant relationship between demographic characteristic and COVID-19 perception There is significant relationship between knowledge (p=0,024) and perception (p=0,008) with behavior. There is a significant relationship between perception (p=0,013) and COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. There is no significant relationship between knowledge and vaccine acceptance.

Kata Kunci : COVID-19, Vaksin COVID-19, pengetahuan, penerimaan, perilaku, persepsi/COVID-19, COVID-19 Vaccine, knowledge, acceptance, behavior, perception