PERANAN TRANSPORTASI UMUM TERHADAP PENGURANGAN KEMACETAN DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA

SAMUEL EZRA M Q S, Prof. Dr. Sri Rum Giyarsih, M.Si.

2021 | Skripsi | S1 GEOGRAFI LINGKUNGAN

Kota Yogyakarta memiliki permasalahan kemacetan yang tidak kunjung teratasi. Jumlah penduduk yang terus meningkat mempengaruhi kebutuhan transportasi. Transportasi paling tepat mengatasi permasalahan kemacetan adalah transportasi umum karena sangat efektif dalam hal keruangan, artinya penggunaan tempat jauh lebih kecil dibandingkan transportasi pribadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketersediaan dan fasilitas transportasi umum di Kota Yogyakarta, menghitung volume kendaraan, kapasitas jalan, dan tingkat kemacetan di Kota Yogyakarta, serta mengetahui peranan transportasi umum terhadap pengurangan kemacetan di Kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei lapangan, studi literatur, dan melakukan analisis frekuensi, tabulasi silang, dan uji regresi pada software SPSS. Variabel yang digunakan yaitu ketersediaan Trans Jogja, fasilitas Trans Jogja, volume kendaraan, kapasitas jalan, dan tingkat kemacetan. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan yakni sebanyak 30 jalur yang terdiri dari 4 titik perempatan jalan, 15 jalan. Waktu penelitian dilakukan pada pagi hari pukul 06.00- 08.00 WIB dan sore hari pukul 16.00-18.00 WIB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ketersediaan Trans Jogja di keempat perempatan pada pagi hari yakni sebanyak 122 bus/jam, sedangkan pada sore hari sebanyak 143 bus/jam. Tingkat kemacetan kelas tinggi menjadi yang paling dominan yakni ada 31 jalur atau 51,7%. Kelas sedang terdapat 17 jalur atau 28,3%, sedangkan untuk kelas rendah hanya ada 12 jalur atau 20%. Uji regresi antara ketersediaan Trans Jogja terhadap kemacetan tidak terbukti signifikan karena Sig. lebih besar dari 0,01 yakni sebesar 0,408. Jadi, tidak ada pengaruh signifikan antara ketersediaan Trans Jogja terhadap pengerungan kemacetan yang terjadi.

Yogyakarta City has a congestion problem that has not been resolved. The population that continues to increase affects the need for transportation. Transport most appropriate to overcome the congestion problem is public transport because it is very effective in terms of spatial, meaning the use of space is much smaller than private transport. This study aims to determine the availability and facilities of public transportation in the city of Yogyakarta, calculate the volume of vehicles, road capacity, and congestion levels in the city of Yogyakarta, as well ashe knows the role of public transportation on reducing congestion in Yogyakarta City. The research was conducted by using field survey methods , literature studies, and performing frequency analysis, cross tabulation, and regression testing on SPSS software. The variables used are the availability of Trans Jogja, Trans Jogja facilities, vehicle volume, road capacity, and the level of congestion . The samples used that as many as 30 lanes which consists of four point intersection, 15 street. The research was conducted in the morning at 06.00-08.00 WIB and in the afternoon at 16.00-18.00 WIB. The results showed the availability of Trans Jogja at the four intersections in the morning as many as 122 bus/hour, while in the afternoon there were 143 bus/hour. The high class congestion level is the most dominant, namely 31 lanes or 51.7% . There are 17 tracks for the middle class or 28.3%, while for the low class there are only 12 lines or 20%. The regression test between the availability of Trans Jogja to congestion does not prove significant because of Sig. greater than 0.01 which is equal to 0.408. So, there is no significant influence between the availability of Trans Jogja on the reducing congestion that occurs.

Kata Kunci : Public Transportation, Trans Jogja, Congestion, Yogyakarta City