Efektivitas Pinjaman Dana BLU dan Keberlanjutan Kelembagaan Hutan Tanaman Rakyat di Desa Lambiku, Kabupaten Muna

LA DE AHMALIUN, Prof. Dr. Ir. San Afri Awang, M.Sc ; Dr. Rohman, S.Hut.,M.P.

2021 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU KEHUTANAN

Pelibatan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan hutan merupakan bentuk perubahan paradigma pengelolaan hutan. Bentuk paradigma pengelolaan hutan dibuktikan dengan kebijakan tentang perhutanan sosial P.83/2016. Salah satu skema yang diterapkan adalah Hutan Tanaman Rakyat (HTR). Kebijakan ini berdampak pada kesiapan pemegang izin. Dalam mengembangkan program HTR, pemerintah memfasilitasi kelembagaan masyarakat dengan memberikan pinjaman dana dari BLU. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan tentang efektivitas pinjaman dana BLU dan keberlanjutan kelembagaan KSU Mondono Ghoera sebagai pemegang izin HTR. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kombinasi antara pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pendekatan kuantitatif menggunakan metode survei and pendekatan kualitatif menggunakan metode wawancara, studi literatur dan observasi. Lokasi penelitian di Desa Lambiku, Kabupaten Muna dan dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai April 2020. Pengambilan data primer dilakukan melalui observasi, studi literatur dan wawancara. Wawancara dilakukan dengan responden sebanyak 47 jiwa yang dipilih secara acak sederhana. Jawaban responden diberikan skor menggunakan skala likert dan selanjutnya diolah dalam bentuk tabulasi. Wawancara juga dilakukan dengan KPHP Muna, Dinas Kehutanan Provinsi, dan tokoh masyarakat. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 61,7% masyarakat menyatakan cukup efektif serta 29,7% masyarakat menyatakan tidak efektif terhadap pinjaman dana BLU. Sementara itu, yang menyatakan efektif dan sangat efektif terhadap pinjaman dana BLU yaitu 4,25%. Terdapat dua variabel yang belum memenuhi kriteria penilaian efektivitas pinjaman dana BLU yaitu ketepatan program dan pemantauan program. Keberlanjutan kelembagaan pemegang izin HTR menunjukkan 91,5% masyarakat menyatakan baik. Berdasarkan kondisi di lapangan bahwa keterlibatan PT. Jati Wuna Lestari dalam pembangunan hutan skema HTR telah memberikan dampak yang signifikan. PT. Jati Wuna Lestari berperan dalam menyediakan agunan kepada BLU sebagai syarat untuk mendapatkan fasilitas pinjaman dana.

Community involvement in forest management is a form of the paradigm shift in forest management. The form of forest management paradigm is evidenced by the policy on social forestry P.83/2016. One of the schemes implemented is Community Plantation Forest (CPF). This policy has an impact on the readiness of the permit holder. In developing the CPF program, the government facilitates community institutions by providing loans from BLU. The objective of this study was to explain the effectiveness of BLU loan funds and the institutional sustainability of the KSU Mondono Ghoera as the CPF permit holder. This study employed mixed methods research, a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative approach used the survey method, and the qualitative approach used the interview method, literature study and observation. The research location was in Lambiku Village, Muna Regency and carried out from February to April 2020. The primary data was collected through observation, literature study and interviews. The interview was conducted with 47 respondents who were randomly selected. The respondents' answers were scored using a Likert scale and then processed in tabulated form. The interview was also conducted with KPHP Muna, the Provincial Forestry Service, and community leaders. The data analysis was carried out descriptively. The results showed that 61.7% of the people stated effective enough, and 29.7% of the people stated not effective towards BLU loan funds. Meanwhile, those who stated effective and very effective towards BLU loan funds were 4.25%. Two variables have not met the criteria for assessing BLU loan funds' effectiveness, namely, program accuracy and program monitoring. The institutional sustainability of the CPF permit holder showed 91.5% of the people stated good. Based on conditions in the field, the involvement of PT. Jati Wuna Lestari in the development of the CPF scheme forest has given a significant impact. PT. Jati Wuna Lestari played an important role in providing collateral to BLU as a condition for obtaining a loan facility.

Kata Kunci : Kata kunci: hutan tanaman rakyat, efektivitas, kelembagaan, pinjamanan dana BLU, pemberdayaan masyarakat, Keywords: community plantation forest, effectiveness, institutional, loan of BLU funds, community empowerment