Analyzing the Impact of Transport Infrastructure towards Foreign Direct Investment Inflow: A Case of Indonesia

NAFFIA BASUKI, Ahmad Jamli, Drs., M.A.

2021 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU EKONOMI

Investasi Langsung Luar Negeri atau Penanaman Modal Asing (PMA) merupakan salah satu elemen vital dalam perekonomian suatu negara. Banyak determinan yang bisa dipertimbangkan dalam meningkatkan penanaman modal asing ke dalam suatu negara ataupun wilayah, salah satunya adalah infrastruktur. Banyak penelitian yang menelaah bagaimana infrastruktur mempengaruhi investasi langsung luar negeri dalam suatu negara, dan beberapa penelitian meneliti lebih spesifik pengaruh dari infrastruktur transportasi terhadap penanaman modal asing dalam suatu wilayah. Penelitian ini secara spesifik menganalisa pengaruh infrastruktur transportasi terhadap PMA di 34 provinsi di Indonesia dari tahun 2014 sampai 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode panel data serta menguji beberapa model yang tepat untuk digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Adapun infrastruktur transportasi yang dianalisa adalah infrastruktur transportasi darat, laut serta udara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa infrastruktur transportasi menunjukkan efek yang signifikan terhadap penanaman modal asing.

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is one of the vital ingredients of an economy as many researchers argue that it can be the backbone of the economy. Stimulating the acceptance of FDI into a region, there are many determinants that can be considered, one of them is infrastructure. Researchers and scholars has been conducting research in examining how infrastructure affects FDI acceptance of a country, and some specifically examines how transport infrastructure can be vital towards FDI inflow. This research particularly analyzes transport infrastructure availability as an ingredient of FDI inflow among 34 provinces in Indonesia from the year 2014 to 2018. The research will utilize panel data method, conducting tests to see whether a fixed effects model, random effects model or a common effects model would be the appropriate model to be used. Whereas the transport infrastructure that would be analyze are road transport, water transport and air transport. Results showing that transport infrastructure gives a significant impact towards FDI inflow are obtained from this research. Nevertheless, FDI inflow to Indonesia are also sensitive to other determinants thus economic and social indicators are included.

Kata Kunci : Transport Infrastructure, FDI, Panel Data, Indonesia