ANALISIS TINGKAT KEKRITISAN PADA LAHAN TERPILIH "MUD VOLCANO" SITUS MANUSIA PURBA SANGIRAN

ARIEL SETO A, Dr.rer.nat. Muhammad Anggri Setiawan, M.Si.

2020 | Skripsi | S1 GEOGRAFI LINGKUNGAN

Penelitian kekritisan lahan di Indonesia masih terbatas pada skala menengah, sebagian besar penelitian dilakukan pada cakupan area yang luas pada skala 1:50.000 atau lebih. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kekritisan lahan pada skala detail dengan cakupan area yang lebih sempit mengacu pada karakteristik geomorfologinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) memetakan karakteristik geomorfologi detail di lahan terpilih Mud Volcano situs Manusia Purba Sangiran dan (2) menganalisis tingkat kekritisan lahan terpilih Mud Volcano. Pemetaan karakteristik geomorfologi dilakukan berdasarkan unit satuan bentuklahan (landform element) dengan mengunakan foto udara dan digital elevation model, serta survei lapangan. Analisis kekritisan lahan dilakukan dengan menggunakan konsep soil problem Lahan terpilih Mud Volcano memiliki 14 satuan landform element antara lain : Summit Surface, Hillcrest, Risecrest, Cliff, Cliff-Footslope, Hillslope, Scarp, Cutface, Landslide, Gully, Scarp-Footslope, Filltop, Cut Over Surface, Stream Channel. Setiap landform element memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda-beda. Satuan landform element ini berada pada morfologi Crest, Simple slope, Upper slope, Mid slope, Lower slope, Flat, Open Depression. Kekritisan lahan dihasilkan melalui analisis berdasarkan satuan unit analisis tipe morfologi, konsep soil problem menunjukkan tanah-tanah yang sensitif akibatnya aktivitas alam dan antropogenik memberikan pengaruh dominan terhadap degradasi lahan yang terjadi. Tipe morfologi crest memiliki kekeritisan lahan rendah, kekritisan lahan tipe morfologi upperslope dan midslope tergolong sedang, dan kekritisan lahan pada tipe morfologi flat dan lowerslope tergolong tinggi.

Research on land criticality in Indonesia is very rarely carried out at a detailed scale, most of the research is carried out over a large area at ascale of 1:50.000 or more. This research was conducted to determine the critical land at a detailed scale with a narrower area coverage based on its geomorphological characteristics. The aims of this research are (1) to map the characteristics of detailed geomorphogical landscape on selected area Sangiran Ancient Human Site and (2) to analysis critical land on selected area Sangiran Ancient Human Site. Identification geomorphological characteristics using aerial photography, digital elevation model, and geomorphological survey Selected area Mud Volcano has 14 landforms : Summit Surface, Hillcrest, Risecrest, Cliff, Cliff-Footslope, Hillslope, Scarp, Cutface, Landslide, Gully, Scarp-Footslope, Filltop, Cut Over Surface, Stream Channel. Every units has different characteristics. The main morphology of the selected area are Crest, Simple slope, Upper slope, Mid slope, Lower slope, Flat, Open Depression. Analysis of critical land used soil problem approach based on morphological unit. This research also found that, natural dan antropogogenic activities as dominant factor on land degradation. In addition crest has low land criticality, the upperslope and midslope are moderate and the flat and lowerslope are high

Kata Kunci : Geomorfologi detail, landform element, soil problem, kekritisan lahan