POTENSI EKSTRAK BIJI NANGKA (Artocarpus heterophyllus) SEBAGAI AGENSIA PENGENDALI COVID-19 MELALUI PENINGKATAN IMUN, FUNGSI ORGAN RESPIRASI dan POPULASI RESEPTOR ACE2 PADA ZEBRAFISH (Danio rerio)

ATIKA AYU K, Dr. Bambang Retnoaji, M.Sc

2021 | Tesis | MAGISTER BIOLOGI

World Health Organization menetapkan novel coronavirus COVID-19 atau Corona Virus Disease 2019 sebagai pandemi pada bulan Maret 2020. Receptor-binding protein pada SARS-CoV2 akan berikatan dengan angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 atau ACE2 yang memfasilitasi masuknya virus ke dalam sel target. Tingkat infeksi yang tinggi dan waktu untuk menghasilkan vaksin yang efektif tergolong lama mendorong untuk menemukan solusi pencegahan COVID-19. Salah satu solusi pencegahan COVID-19 dengan menggunakan ekstrak biji Nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak biji nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus) sebagai Agensia pengendali covid-19 melalui peningkatan imun, fungsi organ respirasi dan populasi receptor ACE2 pada zebrafish (Danio rerio). Metode penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dan masing-masing perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Subyek uji berupa zebrafish yang dibagi dalam 4 kelompok perlakuan. Konsentrasi pemberian ekstrak nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus) adalah 5, 7.5, dan 10 mg/ml. Data yang diperoleh diuji dengan ANOVA dan uji DMRT dengan taraf kepercayaan 95% dengan menggunakan aplikasi IBM SPSS 21. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak nangka dengan konsentrasi 5 mg/ml berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan imun, fungsi organ respirasi, dan populasi reseptor ACE2 pada Zebrafish.

The World Health Organization established the coronavirus COVID-19 or Corona Virus Disease 2019 as a pandemic in March 2020. The receptor-binding protein in SARS-CoV-2 will bind to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 or ACE2, facilitating the virus's entry into the cell's target. High infection rates and time to produce effective vaccines are relatively long, pushing to find COVID-19 prevention solutions. One solution to prevent COVID-19 is by using jackfruit seed extract (Artocarpus heterophyllus). This study aims to determine the potential of jackfruit seed extract (Artocarpus heterophyllus) as a covid-19 controlling agent through increased immune, respiratory organ function, and the ACE2 receptor population Zebrafish (Danio rerio). This study was an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) and each treatment was repeated 3 times. The test subjects were Zebrafish, which were divided into 4 treatment groups. Concentrations of Jackfruit seed extract (Artocarpus heterophyllus) were 5, 7,5, and 10 mg /ml. The parameters observed were increased immune, increased function of respiratory organs and the ACE2 population in Zebrafish. The data obtained were tested by ANOVA and DMRT test with a confidence level of 95% using the IBM SPSS 21 application. The results showed that jackfruit extract with a concentration of 5 mg/ ml had an effect on increasing immunity, respiratory organ function, and ACE2 receptor population in Zebrafish.

Kata Kunci : Artocarpus heterophyllus, ACE2, Immune, Zebrafish, Covid-19.