KARAKTERISTIK RUANG DAN KAPASITAS REGENERASI PADA POLA AGROFORESTRI TREES ALONG BORDER DAN POLA CAMPURAN DI DESA BANARAN KECAMATAN PLAYEN KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL

AISYA YOHANIFA, Dr. Priyono Suryanto; Ir. Adriana, M.P.

2020 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Hutan rakyat di Desa Banaran dimanfaatkan untuk penghasil kayu dan tanaman pertanian. Mayoritas pola yang diterapkan adalah pola pertanaman Trees Along Border (TAB) dan Pola Campuran. Pola TAB merupakan pola penanaman pohon di bagian tepi lahan dan tanaman pertanian berada di bagian tengah. Sedangkan Pola Campuran yaitu pola dengan jarak antar tanaman tidak teratur dan memiliki komposisi yang acak. Pola Campuran di Desa Banaran terbentuk karena lahan sudah tidak lagi diolah untuk tanaman pertanian. Masing-masing pola memiliki luasan lahan sempit (< 500 m2) dan luas (> 500 m2). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik ruang dan kapasitas regenerasi pada masing-masing pola pertanaman. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Banaran, Kecamatan Playen, Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara purposive dengan metode sensus 100 % pada total 20 plot sampel terdiri dari masing-masing 5 plot untuk pola TAB sempit < 500 m2, pola TAB luas > 500 m2, Pola Campuran sempit < 500 m2, dan Pola Campuran luas > 500 m2. Variabel yang diamati berupa jenis, keliling, tinggi, Tinggi Batang Bebas Cabang (TBBC), tinggi tajuk terluar, lebar tajuk dan letak koordinat untuk tingkat hidup pohon dan tiang. Jenis dan keliling untuk tingkat hidup sapihan, serta jenis dan jumlahnya untuk tingkat hidup semai. Data dianalisis menggunakan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP), Indeks Keanekaragaman (H�), Indeks Kelimpahan Relatif (IKR), serta divisualisasikan menggunakan SExI-FS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pola TAB tersusun atas tiga strata tajuk yaitu Stratum B (20 - 30 m), Stratum C (5 - 19 m) dan Stratum D (1 - 4 m). Sedangkan pada Pola Campuran tersusun atas dua strata tajuk yaitu Stratum C (5 - 19 m) dan Stratum D (1 - 4 cm). Nilai INP dan IKR tertinggi pada keempat pola agroforestri didominasi oleh jenis jati, mahoni dan formis, serta nilai H� tergolong rendah. Kapasitas regenerasi terbaik pada kawasan agroforestri di Desa Banaran adalah jenis mahoni. Sedangkan pada jenis lain terdapat kesenjangan antar tingkat hidup pohon.

The community forests in Banaran Village are widely used to produce timber and seasonal crops through the application of agroforestry system. The majority of applied planting patterns used in the agroforestry system were Trees Along Border (TAB) and Random Mixture. TAB is a planting pattern where the trees were planted along the land border with seasonal crops planted in the middle. While the Random Mixture is a pattern with irregular planting sizes and consisted of random composition. The mixed pattern in Banaran Village was formed because the land was no longer cultivated for agricultural crops. Each pattern consisted of two categories, namely narrow (< 500 m2) and broad (> 500 m2). This study was aimed to determine the spatial characteristics and regenerative capacity of each planting pattern. This research was conducted in Banaran Village, Playen District, Gunungkidul Regency. The purposive sampling method was used to determine the sample. Data were collected using 100 % census method on a total of 20 sample plots consisting of 5 plots for each planting pattern and land size category. The observed parameters for trees and poles were tree species, the number of individuals, Diameter at breast height (Dbh), height, the height of the free-branch trunk, the height of the outer canopy, canopy width, and coordinates (x,y). The observed parameters in saplings were species, circumstances, and number of individuals, while for seedlings only the numbers of individuals for each species were observed. Data were analyzed using the Importance Value Index (IVI), Diversity Index (H'), Relative Abundance Index (RAI), and visualized using the SExI-FS. The results showed that the TAB pattern was composed of three canopy strata, namely Stratum B (20 - 30 m), Stratum C (5 - 19 m), and Stratum D (1 - 4 m). Meanwhile, the Random Mixture consists of two canopy strata, namely Stratum C (5 - 19 m) and Stratum D (1 - 4 cm). The highest IVI and RAI values in all land categories were dominated by teak, mahogany, and A. auriculiformis. H' value indicated that species diversity in all plots was low. The best regenerative capacity in the agroforestry area in Banaran Village was mahogany. Whereas in other types there were gaps between tree life stages.

Kata Kunci : Komposisi, struktur, INP, keanekaragaman, kelimpahan, hutan rakyat / Composition, structure, Importance Value Index, Diversity Index, Relative Abundance Index, community forest