EVALUASI KESIAPAN RUMAH SAKIT MENGHADAPI BENCANA NON ALAM: STUDI KASUS COVID-19 DI RUMAH SAKIT BETHESDA YOGYAKARTA

YOHANA PUJI DYAH U, Dr.dr.Rizaldy T. Pinzon,Sp.S,M.Kes; Dr.dr.Andreasta Meliala,DPH.,M.Kes.,MAS

2020 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

Latar belakang: Pandemi COVID-19 menjadi masalah global sejak kemunculannya di Wuhan, Cina pada akhir 2019. Pengalaman di Cina juga di berbagai negara termasuk Indonesia menunjukkan upaya menyiapkan fasilitas kesehatan menangani pasien COVID yang melonjak dalam waktu singkat. Tujuan: tujuan penelitian adalah mengukur tingkat kesiapan rumah sakit Bethesda Yogyakarta dalam menyiapkan sumber daya untuk mengatasi lonjakan pasien COVID-19. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah studi kasus. Populasi penelitian adalah staf dan manajemen rumah sakit yang terlibat dalam penanganan COVID-19. Instrumen penelitian berupa panduan wawancara mendalam, daftar pertanyaan wawancara, dan form Hospital Safety Index. Analisis data ditampilkan sesuai dengan konsep surge capacity rumah sakit meliputi aspek space, staff, stuff/supplies, dan system. Hasil dan pembahasan: Indeks keamanan modul 2 sebesar 0,38 dan klasifikasi b. Indeks keamanan modul 3 sebesar 0,70 dan klasifikasi a. Indeks keamanan modul 4 sebesar 0,29 dan klasifikasi c. Status keseluruhan fasilitas kesehatan termasuk klasifikasi B, dengan indeks keamanan sebesar 0,46. Faktor-faktor penentu manajemen bencana di rumah sakit Bethesda Yogyakarta berdasarkan aspek space adalah perubahan tata ruang, penyiapan dan penggunaan ruang isolasi, penyiapan eskalasi ruang, dan alur ke ruang isolasi. Faktor-faktor penentu berdasarkan aspek staff adalah kesediaan SDM, kriteria SDM, kompetensi SDM, perlindungan terhadap staf, skrining dan isolasi bagi staf yang terpapar, dan upaya memotivasi staf untuk pelayanan. Faktor-faktor penentu berdasarkan aspek supplies adalah upaya mencukupkan APD yang sesuai standar dan level, sinkronisasi kebutuhan dan ketersediaan logistik, upaya mencukupkan logistik, peran jejaring dalam mencukupi kebutuhan seperti ventilator dan donasi. Faktor-faktor penentu berdasarkan aspek sistem adalah upaya meminimalkan risiko penularan, pemisahan area, skrining, komunikasi eksternal dan internal, sistem informasi, tren selama pandemi, dan inovasi pelayanan sebagai strategi rumah sakit untuk bertahan. Kesimpulan dan saran: Manajemen bencana rumah sakit Bethesda Yogyakarta mengadopsi konsep surge capacity dan incident command system untuk mengantisipasi lonjakan pasien COVID-19. Selama status kedaruratan belum dicabut, rumah sakit harus terus melakukan langkah-langkah intervensi untuk mengantisipasi lonjakan pasien atau jika ada gelombang kedua pandemi.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has become a global problem since its emergence in Wuhan, China at the end of 2019. Experience in China as well as in various countries including Indonesia shows that efforts to prepare health facilities to handle COVID-19 patients have surged in a short time. Objective: The research objective was to measure the readiness level of Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta in preparing resources to deal with the surge in COVID-19 patients.. Method: This research is a case study. The study population was staff and hospital management involved in handling COVID-19. The research instruments were in-depth interview guides, a list of interview questions, and the Hospital Safety Index form. Data analysis is displayed in accordance with the hospital surge capacity concept including aspects of space, staff, stuff / supplies, and systems. Result and discussion: Safety index for module 2 is 0.38 and classification b. Safety index for module 3 is 0.70 and classification a. Safety index for module 4 is 0.29 and classification c. The overall status of health facilities is classified as B, with a safety index of 0.46. The determinants of disaster management at Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta based on the space aspect are changes in spatial layout, preparation and use of isolation rooms, preparation of room escalation, and flow to isolation rooms. Determining factors based on staff aspects are the availability of human resources, HR criteria, HR competence, protection of staff, screening and isolation of exposed staff, and efforts to motivate staff for service. Determining factors based on the supply aspect are efforts to meet PPE according to standards and levels, synchronization of logistics needs and availability, efforts to meet logistics, the role of networks in meeting needs such as ventilators and donations. Determining factors based on system aspects are efforts to minimize the risk of transmission, separation of areas, screening, external and internal communication, information systems, trends during a pandemic, and service innovation as a strategy for the organization to survive. Conclusion and recommendation: The disaster management of Bethesda Hospital adopts the surge capacity concept and the incident command system to anticipate a surge in COVID-19 patients. As long as the emergency status has not been revoked, the hospital must continue to take intervening steps to anticipate a surge in COVID patients or if there is a second wave of the pandemic.

Kata Kunci : pandemi COVID-19, kesiapan rumah sakit, hospital safety index, surge capacity, pandemic COVID-19, hospital readiness, hospital safety index, surge capacity